People Have Become Overly Dependent on Technology Essay

1. IntroductionThe last half-century ago, many countries argon undeveloped and developing. They need to center on on the economic indicators such as GDP but without anguish about purlieual issues. Over the past triad decades, concourse argon being to concern about the milieual issues because of unbalance organic evolution between economic and environmental. Recently, sustainable training was first used in the 1980s to express concern around the world. In this musical theme is to identify the existing strategies and practices at bottom hotels through lit and corporate communications materials. The report go forth use the in-depth interrogate and analyze data and discuss the findings with the method. Fin solelyy, the report result patch up a conclusion and testimonial for the selected topic.Read more than Dependence on engine room Essay2. Literature Reviewa) Definition of Sustainable DevelopmentSustainable increase is a wider development which includes social and natural capacities. Based on the Brundtland Commission in Kirk (1997), sustainable development meets the needs of the make without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. at that place ar two nominate impressions to fall upon it as well as adaptations to the tourism intentness in the form of sustainable tourism. i) the concept of needs, in particular the essential needs of the worlds poor, to which overriding priority should be given and ii) the idea of limitations imposed by the state of technology and social disposal on the environments ability to meet present and future needs.b) Sustainable marketingMiddleton and Hawkinss concept of sustainable marketing was environmental and financial goals must balance because it depends on each other. There are three Es to support the sustainable marketing strategy. i) Economy it is making revenue or income ii) environmental science it is making environmental quality iii) Equity it is giving a bette r distribution of the benefits of tourism. Middleton and Hawkins said that a hotels marketing and design will decide the types of tourists, who will stay there, and what kinds of need they will buzz off and what kind of effects they will have on the local environment.Middleton and Hawkins withal mention 10 Rs for organizations to achieve the sustainable marketing strategy. They are Recognize environmental problems, Refuse any detrimental activities, Reduce waste and resources, Replace environmentally questionable activities, Re-use consider of re-using potential waste, Recycle, Re-engineer organizational structures, Retrain employees in environmental issues, Reward successful attainment of environmental objectives, Reeducate employees and customers, to benefit the environment.Agenda 21 also suggested the actions puke be done by public. There are assessment of the capacity of the destinations dodges to develop sustainable training, education, and public awareness facilitating exchange of sustainable tourism information between developed and developing countries providing for the participation of all sectors of society design of new tourism products measuring progress.c) surroundal management system (ISO 14001)ISO 14001 is for environmental management. Its standards or guidelines to help organizations by standardizing some key environmental analysis tools. It also guides the organization to have a complete environmental management system, and meet customers, industry, and legislation limits.Under the ISO14001, companies need to do are as follows i) minimize harmful effects on the environment caused by its activities ii) to conform to relevant regulatory requirements iii) to achieve continual improvement of its environmental performance.3. MethodologyIt is using soft method to make a re attend. There are different types of qualitative research methods including in-depth call into questions, focus separates, crusade studies, ethnography and phenomenol ogy. Our group is choosing in-depth query for this report. In-depth InterviewAn in-depth oppugn is an open-ended, discovery-oriented method that iswell suited for describing two program processes and outcomes from the perspective of the object audience or key stakeholder. The goal of the oppugn is to explore the respondents point of view, feelings and perspectives deeply.Advantages of in-depth interview1) Learning about the respondents viewsIt is not similar with focus group which focuses on the group mainly. It makes the effective qualitative method by receiving respondents perspective, feelings and recommendations. It gives an prospect of how people explain things too.2) Precise and detailed informationThere is little time delay between the interviewee and interviewer that dissolve answer the question immediately and the process is spontaneous. The interview can be recorded by in tape with the permission of the respondents. So, the information will more detailed and detai led with using this method and running smooth when having the interview.3) Dispassionate judgmentSome people will affected by others view point when they answer questions. However, in-depth interview will not happen during the interview.Disadvantages of in-depth interview1) Slow processAn in-depth interview is a slow process because the respondents will spend much more time to explain some jargons or analyze his/her opinions. Interviewer plays an important usance in in-depth interview.2) Respondents view may distract the main contentRespondents will not slim on the main content of the interview or may not serve the purpose of the taking an interview. So interviewer need to remind the interviewees concentrate back to the main content of the topic. In order to prevent being directed to wrong direction, group also needs to sieve unwanted information from the interview.3) Side tracking from the answerInterviewer should use both tape recording and notes taking which decrease the poss ibilities of side tracking the discussion during the interview. Otherwise, the report may be directed to the wrong direction too.b) Sampling and Data Collecting MethodTo enrich our data and information, we invited interviewees who are hotels managers in Hong Kong. They are i) Leanne Chan Communications Manager at Island Shangri-La Hong Kong, ii) Karen Wong Communications Manager at Lhotel Island South, iii) Eric Chan Marketing Manager at Hotel Nikko Hong KongWe sent almost 10 letters to target hotel which obtain ISO 14001 certification. after few days, we received some reply from hotels. Then we sent back an invitation letters to explain the campaign in conducting this research. Finally, three successful invitations we invited with a 20 minutes in-depth interview.The below questions are prepared by the group. The questionnaire is less structure. The in-depth interview aims to be semi-structured that can explore more during the interview.1) Why this industry is a focus of growing environmental concern? 2) What is the role of the hotel sector in tourism development, and/or sustainable development in a region or nation? 3) Is the customer purchase behavior to stimulate tourism industry to concern about environmental protection? 4) What is the response of the hospitality and tourism industry to achieve the sustainable development?Those questions are open-ended questions in order to get a pass of answers from the interviewees. Interviewees will not affect by others point of views during the in-depth interview, thus, open-ended questions is suitable for it. Interviewer will collect a range of data for analysis and discussion.4. Qualitative Data Analysis and DiscussionGovernment concern about environmental protectionThe tourism industry was originally focused on the industries such as heavy industry, whereas all people are concern about environmental effects. The tourism industry is the one of the focus industry, at present creating 218,000 jobs in Hong Kong an d accounting for 9.5% of the Hong Kongs GPD. Tourism is increasingly considered a power for economic development. This is importance to concern about environmental protection because Hong Kong government has to regulate and enforce legislation for environmental protection as tourism develops. broadcast transport, as part of the industry, contributes significantly to tertiary environmental problems caused by various factors. Air transport generates the most carbon dioxide per passenger kilometer of all travel methods, and is held responsible for 3.5% of global warming, apparent to rise to 15% by 2050 (Friends of the Earth, 2000).Hotel plays key role in sustainable developmentThe tourism industry development is rapid increasing, especially hotel industry play a key role in the development with a shape in GDP. However, tourism industry brings some conflicts to Hong Kong such as noise, space, welfare, inflation and so forth.The equal of the hotel sector depends to a great degree on t he types of tourists that are targeted. At one thorough the explorers, wilderness lover/anthropologist, and experiential tourists make few use ups on natural resources, expect less conveniences and cultural facilities, also do not require arrive to the destination easily. At the other extreme, psychocentric tourists demand resources of the type, quality, and quantity they enjoy at home. Depending on which segments targeted by hotels, therefore, environmental, economic, and socio-cultural impacts can be evaluated. Hotels have a grand potential role in the development of the local economy.This potential remains, however, mainly unrealized with the exception of some exceptionally modern companies and those of the eco-tourism or sustainable tourism bent. Three environmentally- accessible hotels and related telephone linees that claim to use elements of sustainabledevelopment or environmental friendliness will now be examined such as prepare an environmental policy, design an envir onmental planning, training staffs to enhance the awareness of environmental protection, operation control and so on. Green tourists stimulate hotels to changeGreen tourists means people are concern about environmental issues including wildlife, transport, conservation, use of resources, pollution, construction and planning, sports activities, and practices of tourism firm themselves.Recently, customers purchase behavior tend to purchase environmentally hospitable products. But there are some limitation to produce environmentally friendly products by hotels which are cost, persuasion, and competitiveness. However, hotels need to change their strategy for their products, otherwise, customer will not purchase those products without concern about environmental. There are some sources of effect on undecided consumer i) pressure group such as Friends of the Earth, ii) face-to-face organic experiences from friends, family and travelers, iii) media such as newspaper, internet, iv) the to urism itself, and iv) government in destination country.The response of the hospitality and tourism industry for sustainable products There are two basic methods to achieve green marketing. The first is business as usual, colored green where lip service and green marketing are added so the environment becomes another marketing tool. The second is a fundamental change in attitude regarding the role of firms in relation to the environment. A fundamental method may be termed sustainable business, incorporating concepts like eco-efficiency. It also obtains benefit from three aspects of sustainable development which are economy, environment, and social factors.Another response is ecotourism. There are lots of definitions of the ecotourism. The Ecotourism Society, for instance, defines ecotourism as responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and sustains the well-being of local people (Ecotourism Society, 2000). Thesame concepts within the ecotourism are including carrying capacity, conservation, education and/or interpretation, environmental impact assessments, limits of acceptable change, and visitor impact management.5. Conclusion and Recommendationsa) ConclusionThe main conclusion is mention that the agreement on the sustainable development within tourism industry and much more significantly in the future. Hotels play a key role on the sustainable development green tourists lead to change hotel attitude on environmental friendly and hotel industry response positively with the sustainable development. The in-depth interview method is small number of interviewees some interviewees may not provide information deeply because of privacy or confidential information.b) RecommendationPrepare the interviewThe team is less prepare for the interview. The team should make appointments with interviewees and without giving too much detail on the topic. And then read again the interview grid and memories it. The team also needs to prepare the recorder, support the casual dress.To work the study immediately after finishes the interviewFirst impressions after the interview are to be written right after interview as well as the same day. to a fault the transcription should be done as soon as possible after the interview. Other recommendation Interviews are too short and do not able to get lavish information pass judgment a good interview must hold at least one hour or even more, and result in a hand writing around thousand lines, which was far from the case for the majority of partners Lack of using follow up questions allowing a real conversation and a search in depth for useful explanations Not enough questions allowing understanding clearly what the interviewees told to the interviewer Probably not enough learningabout the question before the interviews Some of the above difficulties may be due to the escape of former experience by the persons who involved the interview, as well as to the limited time allowed per interview in the study.6. ReferencesBull, A. (1993). The economics of travel and tourism. Melbourne, Australia Pitman Publishing.Cooper, H. M. (1989). Integrating research A guide for literature reviews (2nd edition). Newbury Park, CA Sage Publications.Fletcher, K. (n.d). Striving for excellence Communicating environmental quality in the hotel industry. London International Hotels Environment Initiative.Forte, J. (1994). Environmentally-friendly management in hotels. In B. Taylor, C. Hutchinson, S. Pollack, & R. Tapper (Eds.) Environmental anxiety Handbook. Pitman Publishing.Smith, G. D., Arnold, D. R., & Bizzell, B. G. (1991). Business strategy and policy. capital of Massachusetts Houghton Mifflin.Kirk, D. (1997) Environmental management for hotels. Oxford Butterworth Heinemann.Kotler, P. (1999). Marketing Millennium Edition. Prentice Hall.Hughes, G. (1995). The cultural construction of sustainable tourism. Tourism Management 16(1), 49- 59.Aragn-Correa, J. A. (1998). Strategic proactivity and firm approach to the natural environment. Academy of Management Journal 41Boyd, S. W., & Butler R.W. (1996). Managing ecotourism an opportunity spectrum approach. Tourism Management 17Ecotourism Society (2000). Frequently asked questions. On-line. Available http//www.ecotourism.org/faq.html. Accessed 15/08/00.Friends of the Earth (2000). Plane nuts Airport growth in the UK. On-line. Available http//www.foe.co.uk/camps/attran/pubs/plane_intro.htm. Accessed 20/01/00.