General Banking Activities of Mercantile Bank Limited

sc al unrivalledywag 1 of 53 1. 0. earthly concern Now a daylight pre move origination e superfluously the Asian countries atomic add 18 going through an stinting recession. Though the Asian frugal crisis began few years a puketha and it is somehow tackled today still the 11 September incident aggravated the dis smart set in the econo(prenominal)ic base of operations of our bucolic. Our miserliness is much dependent on foreign aids. The World mass Centre incident created a negative impact on our economy as the foreign aids to Bangladesh go through been reduced a lot. thitherof the g e re ally smudgenment is trying to deal the economic crisis by generating revenue internally.In this looking the splendour of the financial sector, particularly avowing sector is emphasized. yet the imprecateing sector of our country is already overburdened with huge marrow of classified loanwords. Government tries to re version the situation. speciemaking(a) stick special wa s incorpo commitd in Bangladesh as a Public special Comp all with mended liability chthonian the slang Companies Act 1991on 20 May 1999 and commercial operation on June 1999. The coast went for public put realizeher of sh atomic number 18s on in 2003 and its sh bes are listed with Dhaka ocellus Exchange and Chittagong Stock Exchange. 1. 1. Origin of the breedThis report has been alert as a requirement of the intern direct plan based upon the Mer good dealtile buzzword where my arrangement executive de trace is Anjon Azad, senior executive blood line ships ships officer, Dhanmondi part, Mer toilettile vernacular Ltd. And my institution supervisor is Abdullah Mohammed Ibrahim Department of Business Administration, Northern University, Bangladesh. My institute supervisor duly authorise the topic decided for doing the report. Since the BBA platform is an integ accountd, work and theoretical method of learning, the students of the program are require to concom itant practicable exposure in several(prenominal)ly kind of contrast organization in last barrier of this course. paginate 2 of 53 1. 2. Backg meter of the Report Business world is becoming actually much complex day by day. Without sufficient hard-nosed attend worry become difficult and in some cases impossible. The whole world is moving because of Business relation. Business plays a precise important case in developing economy of a country. So, in the business world practical experience is regarded as a media through home we reserve an acquaintance with the real world.As a BBA program is integ deemd theoretical and practical method of teaching students of this program are required to constitute practical exposure in own una a alike(p) major discipline in the presiding years of their courses. I was authorized to prepare a report on General Banking Activities of Mer roll in the haytile Bank Limited, for partial ful lodge inment of my course requirement. 1. 3. quarry of the Report This paper is prepared with a view to ut closelylight my terzetto months period fixing experience through the analysis of products and keep in line available at m sensationymaking(a) Bank. The objectives of this report are To get an overall idea active mercenary Bank. ? Gather potential cognition around general canting of MBL. ? To manoeuvre available product and go. ? To analysis the unique features of MBL. ? To come across the strength, weakness, opportunity and threats for MBL. ? To advert ways of improving the good caliber that accommo meshs a rapidly maturation node volume. paginate 3 of 53 1. 4. Methodology of the study entropy collection arising of selective cultivation of this report can be change integrity into devil categories Primary witness The method of collecting primary info testament be about(prenominal)ly limited to formal and informal interviewing.I bear planned to interview top take (in-charge of the division), mid dir ect man growrs to rack up insights of their ways of doing business. I understand that they are important and wager people. then my interview schedule leave be subject to their availability. Secondary source As for collecting secondary selective information. I bequeath review whatever and all related publication available to me such as Banks genius-year report, brochures etc. Moreover. I will withal use the internet to call off coin bank? s global sack up turn up and an early(a)(prenominal) related web pages for some(prenominal) information related to my study. 1. 5. Scope of the reportI earn worked as an internee in mercenary Bank (Dhanmondi offshoot), which is one of the most successful banks in our country. When I was there I worked in contrasting partings of this Bank. These were grade crack section, Collection & clear section, Cash section and bets section. The main scope of this study is the findings regarding MBL? s products & work availability & tech niques. M either aspects of the operation & product diversification along with the employment technology of MBL could be adopted by our planners to design our banking sector into a real effective one.This report whitethorn act like a guide in revealing some of the important aspects of MBL. pageboy 4 of 53 1. 6. Limitation of the report ? Limitation of quantify was one of the most important factors that unawaresened the present study. Due to time limitation some aspects could non by discussed in the present study. ? Availability of critical information is crucial to my analysis. Some of the information can be deemed too mystical by the management, especially the ones regarding corpo value strategies, information on matrix strategy or credit scoring method and strategies they engage to hold its competitiveness in the grocery.Hence, access to that information will be restricted, which may limit the scope of my analysis. As I had more than than dependencies on the primary s ources , so there might be some train of inaccuracy with those collected information through adequate verification and cross intercepting was use to minimize the error level . amount of moneymon 5 of 53 A bank is a financial institution that claims dumbfounds and channels those desexs into lending activities. Banks primarily provide financial wait ons to guests piece of music enriching investors. Government limits on financial activities by banks vary over time and location.Banks are important players in financial markets and offer runs such as investment capital and loans. Banks borrow money by accepting funds relyed on occurrent sexual conquests, by accepting full term trusts, and by issuing debt securities such as banknotes and bonds. Banks lend money by making advances to clients on current levels, by making installment loans, and by investing in marketable debt securities and new(prenominal) forms of money lending. Banks provide approximately all rendermen t dishs, and a bank tarradiddle is considered indispensable by most businesses, individuals and governments.Banks borrow most funds from households and non-financial businesses, and lend most funds to households and nonfinancial businesses. 2. 1 Background of Mercantile Bank Limited (MBL) Banking establishment occupies an important place in a nation? s economy. A banking institution is indispensable in a modern society. It plays pivotal employment in the economic development of a country. Against the corroborateground of liberalization of economic policies in Bangladesh, Mercantile Bank is a well known Bank in our country and the one, believe in servicing to client with talent?.Within a short period of its operation the bank has already gained a trustingness in the minds of its clients. The success is primarily attri scarceed to bold decisionmaking, cost-efficient and well-disposed services, economic use of resources and introduction of untested financial products and tec hnologies . The continued endeavors of the care and Staff of the Bank under prudent guidance and timely support of the Board of Directors make water substantially contributed to success of the Bank. Mercantile Bank Ltd. s committed to provide high prime(a) services to its constituents through different financial products and profitable utilization of fund and contribute to the growth of gross domestic product of the country by financing trade and commerce, helping industrialization, boosting export, creating employment opportunities for the enlightened youth and encouraging micro-credit leading to poverty alleviation and improving the quality of life of the people and thereby contributing to the overall socio-economic development of the country. During this short span of time the MBL has been successful to position itself as a forward-moving and dynamic financial institution in the ountry. The MBL has been widely acclaimed by the business community, from small entrepreneurs to l arge traders and industrial conglomerates, including the top rated corporate borrowers for forwarding-looking business medical prognosis and innovative financing rascal 6 of 53 solutions. Thus inwardly this really short period of time it has been able to create an character for itself and has earned significant reputation in the country? s Banking area as a bank with vision 2. 2 Vision Would take form finest corporate citizen 2. 3 Mission Will become most receive for, pore for equitable growth based on diversified deployment of resources, and nevertheless would stay put healthy and gainfully profitable bank. 2. 4 Objectives . Strategic Objectives To achieve unequivocal Economic Value Added (EVA) each year. To be market leader in product innovation. To be one of the top trio financial institutions in Bangladesh in terms of cost efficiency. To be one of the top fiver financial institutions in Bangladesh in terms of market share in all significant market segments we serve . . Financial Objectives To achieve a riposte on share toters? equity of 20% or more, on average.Core Values For clients ? Providing with caring services by being innovative in the development of upstart banking products and services. For Share pallbearers ? Maximizing wealth of the bank. For the employees ? Respecting outlay and dignity of individual employees devoting their earnings for the fare of the bank. scalawag 7 of 53 2. 5 Mercantile Bank at a Glance pageboy 8 of 53 2. 6 Milestones in the development of the organization rogue 9 of 53 2. 7 forethought Structure of MBL The bank is proud to shake up exemplified the true concept as Banglar Bank?. The Bank launched several financial products and services since its inception.Among them rascal 10 of 53 3. 0 Overview of Dhanmondi first, of MBL. Mercantile Bank Ltd. Dhanmondi split started its journey since 1999. It is the second divide from the establishment. This severalizeing is the second largest branch also. This branch is situated in Dhanmondi, Road pattern 27, House name- Sima Blossoms, initiative floor. Recently this branch shifted to this smart office premises for providing better services to the nodes. This branch is an authorized dealer of foreign exchange trade. The branch In-Charge is an executive director Vice president (EVP). Dhanmondi sort is situated in a prime location of Dhanmondi area.This is a busy and important area of Dhaka city. Mercantile Bank Dhanmondi stage has a good reputation through the guests of Dhanmondi and some other nearest areas. The sum of money number of bankers bills and other deposits schemes are increasing day by day. nodes are very satisfied with the services of this branch. As a result this branch has become an icon branch of this area. Mercantile Bank Dhanmondi Branch is on the job(p) for strengthen the economy of the country. 3. 1 Departments of Dhanmondi Branch Mercantile Bank Dhanmondi Branch has lead main subdivisions and it has some other sub departments also. A.General Banking Department i. depict candiding ii. clear iii. Cash iv. Card division etc. v. FDR B. confidence Department C. Foreign Exchange Department page 11 of 53 3. 2 MBL Dhanmondi Branch Hierarchy cypher MBL Dhanmondi Branch Hierarchy. At branch level all the decisions are taken by the branch manager. But rules and codes are set at the Head Office. Branch manager has lordly power to final disbursement of the facility to the client. protagonist vice death chair coordinates all the range of the branch as Manager-Operation. administrator Vice President (Branch) Manger (Branch)Manger )))))))))))Manager)Vice President (Manager) Operation Assistant Vice President introductory Assistant Vice President Principal policeman Senior Executive Officer Executive Officer Probationary Officer Assistant Officer Page 12 of 53 exercise Depicts departments of the MBL MERCANTILE BANK trammel DHANMONDI BRANCH LIST OF EXECUTIVES & OFFICERS pith Number o f Executives & Officers 47. SL. NO DESIGNATION compute OF OFFICERS 01 Executive vice motive(EVP) 01 02 Vice author (VP) 01 03 graduation exercise vice precedent (FVP) 01 04 Assistant vice Precedent (AVP) 02 05 First assistant vice precedent (FAVP) 05 06 Principal officer (PO) 03 7 Senior executive officer (SEO) 05 08 Executive officer (EO) 07 09 Probationary officer (Prob. Off) 02 10 Officer (OFF) 08 11 Assistant officer (AO) 07 12 Trane assistant officer (TAO) 05 Page 13 of 53 Dhanmondi Branch Sima Blossom House No. 390 (Old), 03 (New) Road No. 27 (Old), 16 (New) Dhanmondi R/A, Dhaka -1209 Phone 9130500, 9142691 crowd togetherile 01755-500192 Fax 88-02-8126768 scallywag Syed Ahmadul Karim, EVP 3. 3 Yearly profit effectance of Dhanmondi Branch ( BDT in jillion ) 2009 2010 2011 102. 91 123. 54 138. 89 Table 17 Profit of Dhanmondi branch Fig 10Profit of Dhanmondi branchInterpretation The practice shows that the profit of the Dhanmondi branch in year 2009 is 102. 91 whic h increases at a higher rate in 2010 is 123. 54 and we follow on graph 2011 is profit 138. 89 million. Page 14 of 53 4. 0 Internship duties and responsibilities As partial requirement of BBA course I get attached Mercantile Bank Ltd (MBL). To make out my internship program and it? s really a great opportunity for me to acquire practical knowledge and experiences from such a renowned bank. My internship period started at 1st March to 31 May 2012 in Bank ( Dhanmondi Branch).In this time it was very important for me where practical experience gathered. Those 3 months of Internship program I take on learned about general banking and especially emphasis on loan & advances on MBL (Dhanmondi Branch) 4. 1 Nature of the job The 3 months of my internship program I was required to learn various types of banking tasks, which as subscribe by the officers of different department. In this period I am working with all departments but in a major portion of time I spend in general banking departme nts . Reception is the department in which the first interaction amongst the customer and the bank takes place.Since the first impression is the long lasting impression, the quality, customization and retort time of this department is very important. Different types of activities are conducted here. My daily working hour started at 1000am as banking hour started and ends normally 600pm or more. My daily task was as follows ? disruption new forecasts ? outlet pay- invest, ? Deliver atm batting order, ? Issuance & Activation of atm bill of fare, ? Providing bank deposit hold up 4. 2 Opening new delineates The traffichip between the bank and its customer starts with possibleness an rate. on that point are different types of accounts considering different customer types and requirements.Savings account true account Short consideration nonplus (STD) account hardened Deposit pass along (FDR) account The pursual formalities infixed be completed by the customer of M TBL. ? Application on the prescribed form. Page 15 of 53 ? Furnishing frivol away. ? Introduction by an account holder ? deed indite form ? KYC form ? set apartting warning sig reputations in the specimen card. ? Mandate if necessary. after(prenominal) ful gormandizeing the above formalities, SJIBL provides customers a pay in pillowcase leger and stay withstand. 4. 3 Issuing pay-order Pay order is incessantly account account payable.At first, the applicator take in up the form than pays the amount of a Pay Order. At the same time, PO is used to throw money within the modify area wholly. When it will be posted than save up in Pay Order Block correctly. 4. 4 Deliver ATM card When essenced a ATM card than inform the customer by phone call for receiving his/her ATM card with Pin no. 4. 5 Issuance & Activation of ATM card When an applicant applies for an ATM card then it must(prenominal) be issued to ATM department. after issuing card when will it receive then after 24 hours it will be active. 4. 6 Providing Deposit tidings A deposit slip is require to deposit money in an account.The customer service department provides deposit slip to the customer. 4. 7 Analysis of Data used in the office A bank has different types of arguments where I analyzed some of the documents like list of statements of general banking division Statement of General Banking Division These is one kind of statement, which must be produced from the general banking division on a regular basis such as daily position statement, statement of affaire, income tax on Page 16 of 53 profit, VAT on banking service, VAT on LC etc. these statements are generally produced on daily, monthly, each week basis 4. 8 Learning pointsDuring my 3 months internship program I have learned different kinds of things which are as follows 4. 9 New account initiation system There are different types of accounts considering different customer types and requirements. Savings A/C, up-to-the-minute A/C, Fixed Deposit (FDR), STD A/C. Being fulfilled the above requirements a new account is overt through the software Flora. An ID is created for the account holder (In case of unmarried? s account or judicature? s), or one ID each for each of a joint account. whizz soulfulness/organization can have only one ID using which he/it can have several accounts.When created client ID then add amount of deposit, if it is current or saving then the insertr? s information also necessary. When self-aggrandizing all information properly then this record will be rescue on software Flora and a account serial number will be given 4. 10 Issue of new check book Issues of check book have several steps. When a account is open then account holder receive a give thanks garner. and so we verify his/her signature and issue a check book but its deferent criteria for a old account holder. He/she salutary give a requisition form for a new check book if previous book is finished. . 11 ATM card I also l earned about how to a ATM card issue and how to active. First I prepare ATM form then verified the signature. After verification I send it to IT department for issuance. After issue ATM card I just send a activation earn on IT department after 24 hours then it will be active. Page 17 of 53 4. 12 Pay order In a pay order first the form should be fill up where it issued, amount of money, the name of client. After that the vat and armorial bearing will included. When get change then the pay order block prepared where in front of the page in block letter non OVER .TK ONLY was write. 4. 13 KYC form argument KYC stands for Know Your Customers. In that form the clients full information? s are given like earning source, which documents they submitted for their identification, amount of money deposited/withdraw in a month. 4. 14 too of these I have learned the sideline things ? During my internship in MTBL, I have learned how to maintain discipline. ? During my internship period, I found eitherbody follow strict timeout. whatsoever employee go far the office at honorable time, or before the proper(ip) time and also leave office at due time.Nobody can leave office at least 6. 30pm. Every works perform in time. ? I have learned how to handle the customers in an efficient way and make a good relationship for office purpose. Page 18 of 53 5. 0 General Banking of mercantile Bank limited at Dhanmondi Branch General Banking is the heart of banking business. This is the primary and important department of a branch. Though it is a very complex military operation but the officers of Dhanmondi Branch? s are provides keen service. For this the customers of this branch are very satisfied for operating their account in this branch.Activities of General Banking Department In Dhanmondi Branch General Banking consists ? Account Opening sectionalization ? Deposit section ? Remittance Section Cash Section ? Clearing Section ? Accounts Section ? Check Book Issue Section ? Locker Section 5. 1 Account Opening Section Account opening is the gateway for clients to go in into business with bank. It is the foundation if banker customer relationship. By open account bank collect deposit form individual. And deposit is the lifeblood of Banking Business. Various rule and regulation Page 19 of 53 are hold for open an account.A customer can open different types of deposit account through this section. such(prenominal) as, 1. Demand Deposit Account a) menses Deposit Account (CD A/C) b) Savings Banks Account (SB A/C) 5. 1. 1 accepted Deposit Account (CD A/C) While opening Current Deposit (CD) account, Branch shall follow detail summonss including KYC (Know Your Customer) as stated under General Procedure for opening Bank Account Balance in Current Deposit Accounts is payable on demand and thus the A/C holder is allowed to deposit and withdraw whatsoever sun of money from his / her/ their account any time within transaction hours.No come to is paid in Cu rrent Deposit Account. Persons / Concerns Eligible for Opening Current Deposit Account (CD A/C) Current Deposit Account is suitable for business transactions because of no restriction on withdrawal either in amount or frequency. Branch may open a Current Deposit Account in the name of o Individuals o Two or more persons collectively o Sole Proprietorship o Partnership Firms o Limited Companies ( two Public and Privet) o Societies / Clubs / Associations o Govt. / Semi Govt. Offices / Corporations o Others ? Introduction of Current Deposit AccountBank, for opening of new CD account may accept introduction from another CD / STD / SB account holder having extensive relationship with the bank and track of satisfactory transactions. Introduction by a reputed person of the locality is also satisfying. ? Initial and Minimum Deposit for Current Deposit Account Page 20 of 53 New Current Deposit Account is to be opened minimum deposit of BDT 5,000 in Urban Branch and BDT 2,000 in Rural Bran ch, which will be treated as minimum respite in respective account and balance should preferably be maintained always.Branch shall recover Commitment Fees BDT 500 from CD A/C twice a year, provided it does not run on a lower floor the minimum balance at any time for any check overment whatsoever. a) Savings Bank Account (SB A/C) This account has been designed and substantial for individual savers and as such it is not usually suitable for business concerns as there are restriction of withdrawal in both(prenominal) amount and frequency. Savings Account may be opened in the name of Individual Two or more individual (joint) who are not partners Clubs / Societies / Association / non-profit organization.Introduction Savings A/C may be introduced by a streak CD / STD / SB Account holder, who have sufficient balance and satisfactory transaction in the accounts. Banks Officials may introduce SB Accounts mentioning their power of Attorney (PA) provided they know the person very well . The branch, while opening a savings A/C, shall follow derail procedure including KYC formalities embodied in the General Procedure for opening Bank Account 5. 1. 2 Initial Deposit For savings Bank account in Urban regions is BDT 1,000 and in Rural atomic number 18as is BDT 500. stakeIn savings A/C shall be paid on daily product basis but no interest in savings account is payable for the month if balance in the account falls below BDT 10,000 on any day during the month. Besides above, interest shall not be paid in SB A/C for the particular month, when withdrawal in account is more then twice in a week or amount secluded in a single hindrance exceeds 25% of balance of the account. 5. 1. 3 Time Deposit Account a) Short Term Deposit (STD) b) Fixed Deposit Reset (FDR) c) evasion Deposit Accounts Page 21 of 53 Double invert a profit Deposit Scheme (DBDS) Family livelihood Deposit (FMD) Monthly Savings Scheme (MSS)Quarterly Benefit Deposit Scheme 1. 5 Times Benefit Deposit Schem e Advance Benefit Deposit Scheme (ABDS) N B Savings Banks Account (SB A/C) is also taking a time deposit account. a) Short term Deposit (STD) A/C STD A/C is middle in CD & SB A/C. By this, Account holder can make transaction in his / her wish as a current account but he or she gets some interest. The rate of interest is 5% per annual. This interest is paid on daily basis. Initial deposit for opening STD A/C is BDT 50,000. In STD A/C maintained average balance 1 lac. If it is not maintained in any month of the year then no interest is provide in this month of this year. ) Fixed Deposit tell (FDR) Opening FDR A/C Bank opens FDR who is Bangladeshi Citizen. And the minimum amount is BDT 10,000. Bank provides a FDR form, Customer conduct to fill up this form properly. Than the in charge officer chick the form properly, main things is Date and Amount, Maturity Date, Interest regulate, Source of Fund, Customer Signature and one feign pass size photograph of both account holder and nom inee etc. Interest rate Maturity Interest Rate 12 Month and Above 11. 50 % 6 Month 11. 50 % 3 Month 9. 50 % Page 22 of 53 Page 23 of 53 5. 2 Rules of Opening an AccountNow-a-days under the strict monitoring of Bangladesh Bank, there are several criteria that a client must fulfill as he/she/an organization wishes to open an account. The basic criteria are discussed below ? Account Opening Form (AOF) duly filled & signed ? Signature cards properly signed ? applier introduced by an authorized person such as account holder or employee of MTBL or by a respectable person acceptable to the bank ? Two copies of passport sized photographs which are attested by the introducer ? Name of nominee written and photograph of the nominee(s) attested by the applicant Photocopy of passport (attested) or photocopy of National ID card or letter of introduction by the employer or certificate issued by moderate of Union Parishad or Ward commissioner ? TIN (if available) ? Customer transaction profile fo rm properly filled in and signed. ? Apart from proof of identify branch must also obtain proof address to choke off if customers address is genuine. Although this verification partly done through Thanks garner. ? KYC profile form (properly filled in, signed and ap be) for high net worth customers falling under the hobby criteria ) New customers whose initial deposit is more than Tk. 50. 00 lac (initial means within one month of A/C opening) ii) living customers whose total AUM (Asset under Management) grow to more than Tk. 50 need for three consecutive months. 5. 2. 1 In The Name of Individual The client has to fill up an account opening form. Terms and conditions are printed on the back of the form. The form contains the declaration clause, special instructions etc. two copies of passport size photograph duly attested by the introducer are affix with the form. Page 24 of 53 5. 2. In Joint Name In this type, the formality is same as individual account, but in the special instr uction clause, either or survivor? or former or survivor? clause is marked. 5. 2. 3 Proprietorship In addition the customer has to submit the valid Trade License and Tax Paying acknowledgement Number (TIN) along with the screening. 5. 2. 4 Partnership In case of confederation account, the bank asks for, ? A copy of the partnership givement (Partnership Deed) ? A letter signed by all the partners containing the following particulars. ? The name and addresses of all partners The nature of the firm? s business ? The name of the partner authorized to operate the account in the name of the firm, including the authority to draw, endorse and accepting the bills and mortgage and sell the properties belonging to the firm. 5. 2. 5 Limited Company On having the appetite to open an account from a limited company, an MTBL Bank Officer asks for the following documents ? Registration Certificate from the Registrar of Joint Stock of Companies ? Certificate of internalization ? Certificate of C ommencement of Business ? Memorandum of Association ? Articles of Association Copies of yearly Accounts ? Copies of the Board? s resolution, which contains a). The name of the persons who have been authorized to operate the bank account on behalf of the company. b). The name of the persons who are authorized to execute documents with the bank on company? s behalf. 5. 2. 6 Societies, Clubs and Associations In case of these sorts of accounts MTBL requires the following documents ? Registration Certificate under the Societies Registration Act, 1962 ? Copies of Memorandum, Articles of Association ? Resolution of the Managing Committee. Page 25 of 53 Power of Attorney to Borrow 5. 2. 7 Non-Government Organization (NGO) The account opening procedure is same but in elision is that the Registration Certificate from the Social Welfare Department of Government must be en compressedd with the application. 5. 3 Closing Bank Account Customers may implore the branch to close his or her account at any time. Again, the bank or the branch without such request may, by force, close the account of its customer on legitimate grounds procedure for destruction accounts in such cases are as under A. Closing of bank account at customers requestOn receipt of customers written application for closing his or her account, authorized official shall (i) ascertain its genuineness through verification of signature on the letter of request (ii) obtain thanksgiving of head of branch or manager operation to this affect in collect are unused check leaf from the accountholder to destroy (iv) meet specify amount of closing charge and government duty and other dues from the account The branch, however before closing any account shall up to date interest at prevailing rate in the account of the customer after recovering his or her charges with the bank or govt.B. squeeze Closing of Bank Account Branch at its discretion can closed any account office customer if it is not operated as per banks no rm. in such situation, it shall serve a written notice under signature of head of the branch and manager operation to the customer which request tio closed the account within undertake time. If the customer does not turn up in the time the branch shall close the account and send him or her a requital order with balance amount of his or her account by registered mail under a covering letter signed by head of the branch. 5. 4 Payment Order (PO)A Pay Order, similar to a bankers assay is also payable locally, the only difference is that in case of a pay order, the bank is order the payee bank to pay the amount mentioned on the pay order to the person/organization so mentioned or his order, i. e. any other person/organization. Both pay orders and demand writes are used by individuals to make bump off payments from one bank account to another. The main difference between the two Page 26 of 53 is that while a demand draft is a written order directing the payment to be make to a third party outside your city, a pay order is drawn for the third party within your city. . 4. 1 Issue of pay Order For issuing pay order branch shall receive from applicant i) Prescribed application form duly filled in and signed and (ii) required amount of silver / deterrent. on receipt of above ,branch shall issue PO in the name of the person or organization qualify in the application form amount of PO is to be written further on middle top of pay order ship in block figure in addition to writing of the amount in words and figure in the space provided for on the doer Branch shall create the following entries while issuing pay order against specie or claque or both Debt cash or purchaser account with claque ? credit bills payable pay order issue ? Credit income account commission ? Credit vat on banking service 5. 5 Issue of Cheque Book While issue 1st cheque book to a new customer, branch shall use prescribe sweet-smelling printed cheque requesting from properly fill in and sig ned by the account holder or authorized name and signature. And make sure that no document or information is pending. While bank issuing a cheque book shall observe required formalities in three areas as under Area 1- (In cheque requisition slip or application) A.Verify signature and particular appearing on the application for requisition B. Put his or her initial makes to the signature of the account holder as a prove of verification C. Note bulge out series number of new cheque book in the particularised space Area 2- (In cheque book) A. Take out a new cheque book from running stock. B. Make sure that all leaf, including requisition slip inserted within the book are intact Page 27 of 53 C. Write cumulus the title of account and account number on the cover page, requisition slip and account number on the cheque leaf D. supplement seal with name of the branch on each leaf of the cheque books.E. Put initial on given space at right hand top corner of each cheque leaf Area 3- (In c heque issue register) A. Enter name of the account holder, account number & series number of the particular cheque book in the specified space B. Put his or her initial in relevant column of requisition from to authenticate the entries After completion of all the above formalities authorized official of the branch shall submit the cheque book unitedly with cheque requisition slip as well as the cheque issue register duly prepared and failed in to the head of the branch manager for further verification and authentication. . 6 Locker Facilities MBL locker service allows the customers to keep their valuable in a safe and secure place and access their at customer? s convenient times. These strong and arouse resistant steel lockers lodged in reinforced concrete steel vault, round the clock security guards, sophisticated anti- burglary alarm system provide uttermost protection to the valuables of customers. The service charge is yearly Tk. 1500. school ? An application form must be f illed up for gate locker. ? Applicant must have a saving Account. ? 2 copies of PP size photographs of the Applicant. 1 copy of PP size photographs of nominee. ? Yearly charge must be paid in advance. ? Security money is refundable at the time of closing. Page 28 of 53 5. 7 Cash & Computer Section The cash section of MBL deals with all types of negotiable instruments, cash and other instruments and treated as a tenuous section of the bank. It includes the vault, which is used as the store of cash, instruments. If the cash stock goes beyond this limit, the excess cash is then transferred to Bangladesh Bank. Keys to the room are unbroken under influence of cash officer and branch in charge.The amount of opening cash balance is entered into a register. After whole days transaction, the surfeit money remains in the cash counter is put back in the vault and known as the closing balance. Money is received and paid in this section. Functions of this Section are ? Receiving cash ? Payin g cash ? Issuing vouchers ? Making Proper entries in the ledgers 5. 7. 1 Cash Receipt ? At first the depositors fill up the Deposit in Slip. There are two types of deposit in slip in this branch. One for saving account and another for current account. ? After filling the required deposit in slip, depositor deposits the money. Officers at the cash counter receives the money, count it, enter the amount of money in the scroll register kept at the counter, seal the deposit in slip and sign on it with date. ? indeed this slip is passed to another officer who enters the scroll number given by the cash counter in his/her register along with the amount of the money, sign the slip and keep the banks part of the slip. Other part is given to the depositor. ? both deposits of saving account are maintained by one officer and other accounts by another officer. Page 29 of 53 5. 7. 2 Cash Payment First of the entire client comes to the counter with the check and give it to the officer in charge t here. The officer checks whether there are two signatures on the back of the cheque and checks his balance in the computer. After that the officer will give it to the cash in charge. ? Then the cash in charge verifies the signature from the signature card and permits the officer in computer to debit the clients account by giving posting. A posted seal with teller number is given ? Then the cheque is given to the teller person and he after checking everything asks the draftsman to give another signature on the back of the cheque. If the signature matches with the one given previously then the teller will make payment keeping the paying cheque with him while writing the denomination on the back of the cheque. ? If the instrument is free of all kind of error the regard officer will ask the holder to sign on the back of it. ? He will then put his/her initial beside the bearers signature. S/he will also sign it on its face, will write down the amount by red pen and will put on a scroll number from his/her scroll register. ? Then the cheque will be sent to the cash counter. At the cash counter bearer will be asked again to sign on the back of the instrument. The cash officer will then enter the scroll number in his/her register and will pay the money to the bearer. ? At the end of the day these scroll numbers of the registers will be compared to ensure the correctness of the entries. Page 30 of 53 5. 8 Clearing Section When a customer of Mercantile Bank Limited presents an instrument drawn on other bank for collection, the instrument is collected through clear house of Bangladesh Bank. Mercantile Bank Limited, local anaesthetic Office takes part in the clearing function on behalf of fifteen branches of Mercantile Bank Limited functioning intimate or outside of Dhaka city.The instruments are sent to those banks through clearing arrangement. Every day two houses are arranged one in the morning and another in the evening. The evening house is known as return house . Everyday instruments drawn on different banks are sent to the clearing section of Local Office from those fifteen branches. The function of the clearing department can be divided into two parts. ? Inward Clearing ? Outward Clearing 5. 9 Bills Section Customers of Mercantile Bank Limited, Local Office submit many instruments in the bills section for collection. Bills section plays a vital role in collecting these bills.The bills submitted for collection can be divided into two categories. 5. 10 FDR & BCD section These are deposits, which are make with the bank for a fixed period specified in advance. The bank necessarily not to maintain cash reserve against these deposits and therefore, bank gives high rate of interest on such deposits. A FDR is issued to the depositor acknowledging receipt of the sum of money mentioned therein. It also contains the rate of interest and the date on which the deposit will fall due for payment. Page 31 of 53 5. 11 Procedure of Opening Fixed Deposit AccountBefore opening a Fixed Deposit Account a customer has to fill up an application form which contains the followings a) Amount in figures b) Beneficiarys name and address c) Period d) Rate of interest e) Date of issue f) Date of maturity date g) How the account will be operated ( singly or jointly) h) Signature(s) i) F. D. R. no. j) Special instructions (if any) After fulfilling the above information and depositing the amount, FDR account is opened and a FDR receipt is issued and it is recorded in the FDR Register which contains the following information a) FDR account no. b) FDR (Fixed Deposit Receipt) no. c) Name of the FDR holder with address ) Maturity period e) Maturity date f) Interest rate 5. 12 Payment of Interest In case of Fixed Deposit Account the bank does not have to maintain a cash reserve. So Mercantile Bank Limited offers a high interest rate in Fixed Deposit accounts. It is usually paid on maturity of the fixed deposit. NCCBL calculates interest at each maturi ty date and provision is made on that Miscellaneous creditor expenditure payable accounts is debited for the accrued interest. Page 32 of 53 5. 13 Interest Rate Rate of Interest varies depending on the period of maturity date. Duration Rate of Interest 3 months 9. 00-9. 25% 6 months 9. 5-9. 50% 12 months 9. 75-10. 50% 24 months 10. 25-11. 25% 36 months 10. 75-11. 50% Table 4 Interest Rate of MBL 5. 14 Renewal of FDR The FDR becomes automatically renewed for like periods and amounts, unless this are withdrawn by the depositor or, the bank notifies the depositor in writing at least 15 days in advance of the original Or, any renewed maturity date (s) of its desire to terminate the account or change any term and condition of the account. Page 33 of 53 6. 1 Customer Satisfaction Level of MBL Dhanmondi Branch During the Internship I worked in general banking activities of Mercantile Bank Ltd.And learned about the process of opening bank account, and different types of process. When I work ed in general banking desk I was also placed in customer relation desk. By working in customer relations desk I observed that there was lack of services they provide to customers. That? s why customers are not fully satisfied. So I developed a misgivingnaire to measure the service quality and customer satisfaction of MBL. In this I have used primary data to analysis level of customer satisfaction on MBL. I collected data from pursue through questionnaire 30 respondents participated in this survey.After collecting data I used SPSS software to get an output which map outs the level of customer satisfaction of MBL Dhanmondi Branch. 6. 2 Mercantile Bank uses Modern Equipment. Figure no. 6. 1. 1 This figure shows that the neutral receipt of the customer is 14. On the other hand the watch respondent is 11 and disagree respondent is 5. Most of the clients represent their creed neutral. So MBL Dhanmondi Branch should increase their technology based services for customers. Page 34 of 53 6. 3 MBL provides services which is not provided by other bank Figure no. 6. 1. 2In this above figure, most of the respondents represent their depression neutral statement. So MBL should improve their service to satisfy customer need and demands. Page 35 of 53 6. 4 MBL has couthy environment Figure no. 6. 1. 3 This figure shows that the neutral response of the customer is 10. On the other hand the agree respondent is 14 and disagree respondent is 4 and powerfully agree respondent is 2. most of the respondents represent agree with this statement. So the customers are satisfied with the environment of Dhanmondi Branch of MBL. Page 36 of 53 6. 5 Customer of MBL feels secure transaction. Figure no. . 1. 4 In this above figure, most of the respondents represent agreed with this statement. So the customer feels secure transaction with Dhanmondi branch. Page 37 of 53 6. 6 MBL provides restless service to customer. Figure no. 6. 1. 5 This figure shows that the neutral response of th e customer is 12. On the other hand the agree respondent is 1 and disagree respondent is 17. Most of the respondents represent disagree with this statement. So the customers are not satisfied with the triggerness of employee at Dhanmondi Branch of MBL. Page 38 of 53 6. 7 Employees of MBL show sincerity when customers face problem.Figure no. 6. 1. 6 In this above figure, most of the respondents represent disagree with this statement. So, Employees of MBL should increase their sincerity. Page 39 of 53 6. 8 Are you satisfied with the service of MBL? Figure no. 6. 1. 7 In this above figure, most of the respondents represent their feeling neutral statement. So MBL should improve their services to satisfy customer needs and demands. Page 40 of 53 6. 9 Employees of MBL show reach importance to every customer. Figure no. 6. 1. 8 In this above figure, most of the respondents represent their opinion neutral statement.So Employees of MBL should give priority personifyly to every customer. Page 41 of 53 6. 10 The process of getting service is easy. The procees of getting service is easy disagree nutral agree frequence 20 10 0 16 5 9 Figure no. 6. 1. 9 This figure shows that the neutral response of the customer is 5. On the other hand the agree respondent is 16 and disagree respondent is 9. most of the respondents represent agree with this statement. So the customers are satisfied with the service deliverance of Dhanmondi Branch of MBL. Page 42 of 53 6. 11 Employees of MBL understand specific needs of customer. Figure no. 6. 1. 10In this above figure, most of the respondents represent neutral with this statement. So, employees of MBL should give extra emphasis to understand customer needs. Page 43 of 53 6. 12 Are you totally satisfied with the quality of service of MBL? Figure no. 6. 1. 11 In this above figure, most of the respondents represent neutral with this statement. So employees of MBL should increase their service quality. The 16 number of question show that most of the customer choose MBL for its higher interest rate and branching confinement place Most of the respondent were female the age distance between them is 20 -34 Page 44 of 53SWOT Analysis Condition of scheme through SWOT Analysis Manager should consider several factors when assessing an organizations SWOT analysis presented by extensive competitive environments. Once the strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats have been identified, the management team is then in a position to complete the SWOT analysis by drawing a conclusion about the attractiveness (or unattractiveness) of the organization? s current situation and the need for strategic action. Strengths ? The customer can draw whole amount of money at a time. ? Terms and conditions are comparatively low. Huge demand from the customer side. ? In case of loan, the interest is comparatively low. ? On-line banking facilities. ? Provides highest interest rate Strong and experienced for level management. ? They have stron g reputation in the market. That means they have a brand image. ? MBL has already achieved a grace among the clients that? s helps it to retain valuable clients. Page 45 of 53 Weaknesses ? MTBL has lack of ATM booth. ? Credit proposal evaluation process lengthy. ? Sometimes undisciplined employee operates the banking activities. ? No substantive use of annual confidential report to honour or to punish Employee.Hence employee becomes in efficient. ? Some un chaseed employee operates the banking activities. ? The web site of MBL is not more organized, for that some latest data we cannot collect from the web site. ? The relationship between employees is not very satisfied. But it is very essential for an organization. Opportunities ? Regulatory environment favoring occult sector development ? Wide banking net profit ? The bank provides the better customer service. ? MBL can use this opportunity to train their employees in specific area ? Low service change and commission than othe r Bank. To expand the branch Network overall the country. Threats ? Increased competition in the market for public deposit ? Bangladesh bank sometimes requires private commercial banks to be abide by such rules and regulation which is not suitable every commercial bank. ? Political instability may invalid the environment of the business society. ? Borrowers are having the tendency to be the defaulter. ? Competitors are arising day-by-day. Page 46 of 53 7. 1 Conclusion From my practical experience, I have reached a concrete conclusion on Mercantile Bank Limited Dhanmondi Branch in a very confident way.I believe that my identification will be in harmony with most of the banking thinkers. It is quite perspicuous that to build up an effective and efficient banking system to the highest desire level computerized transaction is must. The exertion of a Banks today competitive business is important. provided few years ago the number of bank was very small. So the competition was not a strong as its today. Things have changed with the takings of many new banks now the Customers have option to take the one that the best so the current banking business scenario is simply highly competitive.The performance of Mercantile Bank Limited during the Last twelve years has proved that with strong desire and will power one achieve whatever target he may have. Almost all the leading banks in our country have various Extra facilities in offer for the customers in comparison with other Banks but MBL has succeed in achieving more customer than other competitors. This has been possible only because of strong customer relation and excellent customer service . For Bank general banking is hearts . MBL has emerged as the originate of playing key role in the country. Page 47 of 53 7. 2 RecommendationThe Mercantile Bank Limited has achieved success in all sectors and ended up with the highest ever-operating profit, which is much higher than that of preceding year. The clayey achievem ent has been possible because of the able leadership, dedicated and committed service provided by all levels of management and stuff and above all the trust and confidence that our valued client had reposed in us. For Mercantile Bank, the days ahead will see this institution to achieve greater highest of glory. The bank should develop their confabulation between employee and customer. The decision making process should be more fast.Internal control system should be improved so as to increase the brunch productivity. Physical and technological facilities should increase in evaluating credit proposals and also in monitoring the recovery of advances. Experienced and expert personnel should be kept within the banks by considering the goal congruence, which will lead to a quality selection of clients in lending money. Decision making authority should be decentralized to some extent to expedite the lending procedure. The Mercantile Bank Limited has provision for internship program, but i t is not well organized.Although the officials are very careful and co-operative with the interns, the authority should be more structured. The bank really uses the Internship program to their advantage by rearranging the whole procedure. Now a day? s world is going very fast. Now most of the banks provide online customer service system. So, in order to compete in the world market they should adopt online banking system. One of the business strategies is promotion. Successful business depends how they can gain ground their products or services to the customer. To improve the business status, the bank should introduce more promotional programs.The products of deposit and investment should be more diversified and modern. Page 48 of 53 References Kotler, P. (2004), Principles of market, 10th Edition, Pearson Hall Inc, New Jercy Chapter 7, 8 & 10 (pp 216, 232, 234, 309). Kotler p. & Killer Lane Kavin (2007-2008), Marketing Management, Prentice- Hall Of India toffee-nosed Ltd, New Dil hi-110001 India, 12th Edition, Chapter 3, 4 & 7 (pp 139, 173, 273, 341, 371, 401, 567, 535) Khan A. R. (2011), General Banking Banking arranging, 2nd Edition, Islami Bank Tanning & Research Academy (IBTRA), Bangladesh (pp 68, 69).Retrieved from http//marketingteacher. com/lesson-store/lesson-personal-selling. html, accessed on 05-03-2012 6. 30pm to 8. 00 pm. Retrieved from http//tutor2u. net/business/marketing/promotion. asp, accessed on 05-03- 2012 6. 30 pm to 8. 00 pm. Retrieved from http//tutor2u. net/business/marketing/promotion. asp accessed on 28-01- 2012 07. 45 pm to 12. 00 am. Retrieved from http//www. learnmarketing. net/servicemarketingmix. htm accessed on 05- 04-2012 6. 30 pm to 8. 00 pm. Retrieved from www. mblbd. com accessed on 01-02-2012 09. 00 pm to 01. 00 am.Mercantile Bank Limited, (2008-2010) Annual Report, Mercantile Bank Limited, 16 Dilkusha commercial area, Dhaka Bangladesh. Zeithaml. A. Valarie (2005), Services Marketing, 4th edition, TATA McGraw Hill Edition , New Delhi, India, Chapter 1, 12 (pp 22,26,27, 60, 62,355,366). Page 49 of 53 Mercantile Bank uses Modern Equipment. relative frequency portion legitimate part cumulative percentage valid take issue 5 16. 7 16. 7 16. 7 torpid 14 46. 7 46. 7 63. 3 equate 11 36. 7 36. 7 100. 0 entireness 30 100. 0 100. 0 MBL provides services which is not provided by other bank absolute frequency portion Valid Percent accumulative Percent Valid Disagree 3 10. 10. 0 10. 0 electroneutral 14 46. 7 46. 7 56. 7 equalise 13 43. 3 43. 3 100. 0 check 30 100. 0 100. 0 MBL has friendly environment Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Disagree 4 13. 3 13. 3 13. 3 Neutral 10 33. 3 33. 3 46. 7 Agree 14 46. 7 46. 7 93. 3 strongly agree 2 6. 7 6. 7 100. 0 Total 30 100. 0 100. 0 Customer of MBL feels secure transaction. Page 50 of 53 Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Disagree 4 13. 3 13. 3 13. 3 Neutral 7 23. 3 23. 3 36. 7 Agree 18 60. 0 60. 0 96. 7 potentl y agree 1 3. 3 3. 3 100. 0 Total 30 100. 0 100. 0 MBL provides prompt service to customer.Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Disagree 17 56. 7 56. 7 56. 7 Neutral 12 40. 0 40. 0 96. 7 Agree 1 3. 3 3. 3 100. 0 Total 30 100. 0 100. 0 Employees of MBL show sincerity when customers face problem. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid potently disagree 2 6. 7 6. 7 6. 7 Disagree 13 43. 3 43. 3 50. 0 Neutral 12 40. 0 40. 0 90. 0 Agree 3 10. 0 10. 0 100. 0 Total 30 100. 0 100. 0 Are you Satisfied with the service of MBL? Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Strongly disagree 2 6. 7 6. 7 6. 7 Disagree 8 26. 7 26. 7 33. 3 Neutral 13 43. 3 43. 3 76. 7 Agree 7 23. 23. 3 100. 0 Total 30 100. 0 100. 0 Page 51 of 53 Employees of MBL show equal importance to every customer. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Strongly disagree 1 3. 3 3. 3 3. 3 Disagree 10 33. 3 33. 3 36. 7 Neutral 18 60. 0 60. 0 96. 7 Agree 1 3. 3 3. 3 100. 0 Total 30 100. 0 100. 0 The process of getting service is easy. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Disagree 9 30. 0 30. 0 30. 0 Neutral 5 16. 7 16. 7 46. 7 Agree 16 53. 3 53. 3 100. 0 Total 30 100. 0 100. 0 Employees of MBL understand specific needs of customer. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative PercentValid Disagree 7 23. 3 23. 3 23. 3 Neutral 13 43. 3 43. 3 66. 7 Agree 10 33. 3 33. 3 100. 0 Total 30 100. 0 100. 0 Are you totally satisfied with the quality of service of MBL? Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Strongly disagree 2 6. 7 6. 7 6. 7 Disagree 9 30. 0 30. 0 36. 7 Neutral 14 46. 7 46. 7 83. 3 Agree 5 16. 7 16. 7 100. 0 Total 30 100. 0 100. 0 Page 52 of 53 Questionnaire for customer Satisfactions Level of MBL Dhanmondi Branch Dear sir or Madam This is a questionnaire from Northern University Bangladesh to collect data on Customer Satisfactions of Mercantile Bank Limited at Dhanmondi Branch.All the data will be used for academic purposes and will be kept confidential. occupy read the following statements which some people agree with and some do not. I would like to know whether you strongly agree(SA), Agree(A), Neutral(N), Disagree(D),or strongly disagree(SD) with each statement. There is no right or wrong answers. Please circle (0) the number that represents your opinion most correctly. SL. Measurement Scale SA A N D SD 01 Mercantile Bank use modern Equipment. 5 4 3 2 1 02 MBL provides service which is not provided by other bank. 5 4 3 2 1 03 MBL has friendly Environment. 5 4 3 2 1 04 Customer of MBL feel & Secure transaction. 4 3 2 1 05 MBL giving prompt service to customer. 5 4 3 2 1 06 Mercantile bank Service is better than other Bank. 5 4 3 2 1 07 Employees of MBL show sincere when customer face problem. 5 4 3 2 1 08 Are you satisfying the service of MBL? 5 4 3 2 1 09 Employee of MBL show equal importance to every customer 5 4 3 2 1 10 The process of getting services is easy. 5 4 3 2 1 1 1 Employee of MBL is very helpful. 5 4 3 2 1 12 Employee of MBL understand specific need of customers. 5 4 3 2 1 13 The knowledge of the bank? s personnel in answering customer questions properly. 5 4 3 2 1 Page 53 of 53 14 MBL having convenient operating hours. 4 3 2 1 15 Overall I am satisfied with quality of service of the Mercantile bank. 5 4 3 2 1 16. why you choose MBL for your transaction Personal Information Gender A. Male B. egg-producing(prenominal) Age A. 12-19 B. 20-34 C. 35-39 D. 40-49 E. 50-above Profession i) Student ii) Business iii) Teacher iv) Service bearer v) Other Income i) less than 5000 ii) 10000-25000 iii) 25000-40000 iv) 40000-60000 v) 60000-80000 vi) above 80000 Contact Info Address Mob

Factors affecting growth and development Essay

IntroductionThere atomic number 18 numerous f subprogramors that could potenti eachy uphold how an undividedisticistic grows and develops. As Beyonc was growing up she whitethorn or whitethorn non countenance experienced computes that could influence on how she get it ons and what her future plans out to be. In this assignment, I leading explain distinguishable situations for 5 flavour factors that may determine how some unmatch able lives. One of these is the biological factor. This is anything that affects how mortal develops for example FAS. The guerrilla factor is environ noetic, this affects how some iodin develops referable to their surroundings e.g. someone who is asthmatic. Thirdly is the socioeconomic factor, which according to Classroom.synonym.com (2017) be the social and economic experiences and realities that help posture ones personality, attitudes, and lifestyle. The factor can also define refine regions and neighborhoods. coterminous is the genetic factor this factor is based on things that affect an individuals development be move of their DNA. Finally is the lifestyle factor this is where the life that someone lives can affect how they develop physically, cleverly, emotionally and socially.BiologicalA biological factor that I would be explaining is Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS), which ultimately is an avertable condition ca hired by the heavy consumption of intoxicant that the pregnant vex is in taking. When an individual is pregnant the baby depends on them to be able to survive and grow, this sour is done from the mother granting nutrients and oxygen from her blood, into the unborn babys placenta which then travels to the babys bloodstream. The mother entrust also help with the removal of waste and CO from the unborn baby. When a mother drinks alcohol it gets into her bloodstream which then even sotually will pass through the placenta, which separates the mothers and babys blood, then entering the babys bloodstrea m. Mackintosh. M (2017) says that drinking alcohol in the first three months is associate to miscarriage and birth abnormalities. This is out-of-pocket to the proud rate of alcohol in the babys blood which reduces the rate of oxygen causing clogging the development of the babys lungs, heart and brain.There ar to a greater extent reasons on why someone may want to drink alcohol whilst pregnant. One reason could be that they are addicted to alcohol core that they cant usually stop without the help of other raft. other reason could be that the mother just simply is totally clueless of her pregnancy, therefore, has carried on as normal for the first couple of months of the pregnancy. However, for many an(prenominal) of the different reasons, there are people who are willing to help to curb the safety of you and the unborn baby. An individual nutriment with FAS will normally check visible physical effects such(prenominal) as distinctive facial features which include a small head, narrow eyes and a flat philtrum (the area between the nose and top lip). However, these features are more believably when they are younger.It is known for some people who have FAS to have training difficulties such as such as problems with thinking, speech, social skills, timekeeping, maths or memory and mood, attention or behavioral problems such as autism-like behavior or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). (NHS.UK, 2017) According to psychiatry.emory.edu (2017), Children and teenaged with FAS and other alcohol-related disorders may be developmentally delayed, have mental meantime or have problems with specific learning differences or disabilities. These conditions are a great deal associated with social, emotional, behavioral, and academic problems. When these and other deficits are not identified early in life, children may be viewed as beingness deliberately bad or having emotional problems when, in fact, they are unable to act in shipway that car egivers ask of them. Such labels can be very damaging to self-esteem.environmentalThere are many environmental factors that could affect an individuals development, physically, intellectually, emotionally, and socially. For this factor, I will be explaining the effects of Damp and Overcrowded Housing. moistness in buildings are mainly ca substance abused by the condensation of moisture in the air, the moisture settles and create perfect environments for bacteria such as fungus kingdom to grow. For example, If the mold/ mute is present on a painted or wallpapered wall, it would cause the paint or wallpaper to peel away from them. If the mold continues to grow, it increases the risk of respiratory problems such as coughs and asthma, this is more likely for children. some(prenominal) families live in a house that thrives with mold and dampness, leaving them chip in to the effects.There are many children who will experience asthma attacks due to the mold and everyplacecrowding, resu lting in them missing vital days of schooling. Which then lowers their chances of acquire good qualifications, decreasing the chances of getting well-paid jobs. Living in poor timberland housing will also affect an individuals mental state, they may end up being depressed and stressed, due to the pressures that they are put under. The effects of stress can lead to behavioral problems such as eating disorders, physical problems such as nausea and dizziness, and cognitive problems such as memory loss, (Helpguide.org, 2017). It may also result in miscarriages or premature births which isnt really good for the mother or the child. Due to there not being enough room in the house it could cause fights and relationship pressures to occur. Living in a damp and overcrowded house can also lead to other environmental factors such as discrimination. Discrimination affects both the children and adults of the family. For example, if a child, living in a house that has damp went to school some c hildren may bully that individual because their clothes may smell like damp. This will affect how they reconcile friends, because they may be wary about how people will respond to them due to the past or ongoing situations of where they have been bullied.Children from low-income families often waive events that most of us would take for granted. They miss school trips cant invite friends round for tea and cant afford a one-week holiday away from home. While studies show that there are more play areas in deprived areas, their quality is generally poorer. Vandalism, playground profane and danger of injury all act as deterrents to using what other might be good facilities. (cpag.org, 2017)SocioeconomicIncome is the money that an individual or household gets and according to myaccountingcourse.com (2017) expenditures are payments of currency or barter credit for necessary inputs (goods or services). This could be anything from purchases equipment to hiring employees. Obligatory sett lements or payment of liabilities such as invoices, receipts, and vouchers can also be considered expenditures. Both expenditures and income can affect an individuals life in positive and negative ways, your income has a greater impact on your health than lifestyle choices. (Therecord.com 2017). An individual living in a high-income family may experience many positive interactions and opportunities that people who may be living in a low-income family may not experience. However, there are some disadvantages of being in a high-income family is that others may take advantage of them, for the money. Another disadvantage that applies to both high and low-income families is that the individuals inside may start to become ungrateful towards things and not think of others.Children who live in low-income households extend to struggle more than others with a higher income in many situations in life for example education or health, this is the second-string effects of an individual being po orer. Children living in poorer households are more likely to have low attendance/punctuality at school and are also more likely to get behavior referrals due to bad behavior. Lowered attendance leads too many baffled lessons which put them behind hindering their intellectual development and their behavior which is seen as socially wrong would impact on them making friends. Education is the process of learning. It includes the difference in the level of education that somebody has received and the qualifications that somebody has, (classroom notes, 2017). Children from around the age of 5 may start to experience being bullied, due to their family income by other children, this can cause emotional outbursts triggering them to act out or even being extremely weary and quiet. browbeat can cause an individual to be emotionally unstable which will have impacts on their sexual relationships in future life. According to jrf.org.uk, (2017) income influences many different outcomes at the same time, including maternal mental health and childrens anxiety levels and behavior.Someone living in a high-income family will physical dress up well and they may have the latest panache trends, whereas someone living in a low-income family may appear to have scruffy or large clothes that may most likely be handed down from a family member.GeneticThe genetic factor that I will be explaining in this assessment is cystic fibrosis (cf.. cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder which causes a mass production of mucus to build up throughout the individuals organs in their body. An individual will only get CF if both biological parents were carriers of the gene. This means that parents that dont have CF have a possibility of conceiving a child who has and shows CF. this disorder is very detrimentally for an individual it affects their lungs due to the buildup of mucus in the pathways which then leaves them open to infections. cysticfibrosis.org.uk (2017), states that Cystic fibrosis can cause the pancreas to become blocked with mucus, and when this happens enzymes required for digesting food cannot adjoin the stomach. People with CF often need to take more than 50 tablets a day to help digest food and keep respiratory symptoms in check.Someone who has cystic fibrosis will have a move life expectancy the average life expectancy of someone one living with CF is 41years old. Cystic fibrosis affects someones daily life because for treatment an individual will have to go through daily routines such as physio and taken tablets. These help to control the effects of CF. Living with a chronic disease, such as CF, can be emotionally challenging. Although moments of sadness and anxiety due to the uncertainty of your health may come and go, depression and persistent anxiety should be treated as part of your overall health and emotional wellness. (cff.org, 2017). Due to appointments, a CF patient may experience a low attendance at school or college, the missing lesson will then have intellectual development issues on the individual because they have missed out on key information that the teacher has given out. This disadvantages that individual compared to their peers which might cause them to feel isolated.LifestyleFor this factor, I will be explaining about the use and misuse of substances. There are 2 fibers of drugs that someone may use these are medical drugs such as paracetamol are usually convinced(p) by a doctor, to either relieve pain or to cure illness. Mackintosh. M (2017), explains that unskilled drugs such as alcohol and tobacco are taken by people because they like the effects that they have on their bodies, but they are addictive. Heroin and cocaine are illegal recreational drugs that are very addictive.There are 3 main categories of drugs these are depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogens (cause hallucinations or sensations and images that seem real though they are not). These will all influence an individual, however, the effect s will be different depending on the type of drug that they have taken. Depressants such as alcohol and heroin tend to reduce the activity of an individuals nervous system for a while. Some people will drink alcohol because they are picture low/stressed, however, the effects of the alcohol cause the person to feel even lower so then they would drink some more, and the cycle will then continue. This may result in an individual beige dependent on alcohol which is a gateway to addiction. According to Wikipedia.org (2017), alcohol alcoholism affects the brain causing slurred speech and delayed reflexes. Stimulants such as caffeine, speed up the reactions of the nervous system resulting in high performances in sports. According to Drugfreeworld.com (2017), Stimulants can be addictive. Repeated high doses of some stimulants over a short period can lead to feelings of hostility or paranoia. Such doses may also result in dangerously high body temperatures and an irregular heartbeat. This can cause individuals to feel socially stinger off from everyone, which will affect them socially and emotionally.

National Intigration in Malaysia

This article examines the direction of ethnic politics in Malaysia by investigating the 2008 election results and the subsequent political maneuverings of political parties following the election. The results do not liberately demonstrate the demise of ethnic politics however, the communal political figure of the Barista National Party (BIN) has be go up increasingly futile in its attempts to appease both Malay and non- Malay communities.Following the election, the BIN seems to build moved towards the adoption of a multivalent agenda, whereas its affiliated parties permit chosen to maintain their communal political paradigm. Furtherto a greater extent, the Pakistan Arrays has not outlined a clear multivalent platform and has failed to reject communal politics. The Malaysian political paradigm has yet to shift qualitatively away from ethnic politics. View honest text Download full text One of the key concepts of case integration in Malaysia is to increase and develop the rea lm economically.In a plural form society like Malaysia, citizens nowadays hardly ark together due to drop of communication between all(prenominal) another. Therefore, it is classic for national integration to direct place so that people in Malaysia work together and economic aid each other to increase the countrys income this is because when there is unity there is teamwork. On the other hand, according to Data Limit P. G. (2003) building a consent society is also one of the key concepts of national integration.Malaysia a country that has many types of races of people must reduce the difference between them and to come as one to create a community with strong vocal and ethic values so that a harmony society sight be build. According to Boolean (2007), the other key concept of national integration is to motivate Malaysian nowadays to learn to unite with each other and also to enhance the patriotism spirit in them. This is to come across that people from various ethnic group s here can learn to take into account each other and work together to bring our country forward.Bell generalisation An important characteristic of many countries is that they exhibit, to greater or lesser intergovernmental monetary systems. This paper explores some of the varied extents and manners in which such crooked treatment may help or hinder the maintenance of an telling nation-state, where effectiveness encompasses both how effectively, efficiently, and (perhaps) equitably public services are provided throughout the national territory and also the effects asymmetry may have on the very existence of fragmented nation-states.Key words federalism, decentralization, asymmetry, subsidiaries JELL codes HUH, protactinium Belgium, Bosnia-Herringbone, Canada, Peoples Republic of China, Germany, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Philippines, Russia, Spain, Sudan, Switzerland?what can this diverse set of countries possibly have in common? One important answer is that each contains within its boundaries a significant territorially based group of people who are, or who lot themselves to be, distinct and different in ethnicity, in language, in religion, or just in history (ancient or recent) from the majority of the population.Indeed, contrary to the common discover?one might say mythology?that the most natural nation-state is a coordinated and homogeneous entity, such fragmented countries (Bird and Stauffer, 2001)1 are found throughout the world. homogenized nations are more the exception than the rule. Indeed, heterogeneity, whether ethnic or economic, is a more common feature of most countries than homogeneity. 2 A second important characteristic of many countries is that they exhibit, to greater or lesser degrees, some asymmetry in the way in which different regions are treated by their intergovernmental financial systems. While continues

Working with Exceptional Children

The importance for an Educational Assistance in acquire more general information about nestlingren with exceptionalities is needed because more schools across Canada argon integrating more exceptional children into regular classrooms settings . According to a study that was done and revealed that in the mid 60s in that respect was about 1000 children with learning disabilities within the public school system, some 20 years later, the amount sky rocketed to be around 197,000 these numbers were mentioned in the EADP course.These numbers are still growing and the concept of inclusion was first implemented in the mid 1980s. Many institutions were shut atomic pile and many of the children were either sent back home into their communities and in separate(a) cases where this wasnt an option they were sent into group homes. In the classroom it vary to where some student were sent to experience educational integration. The children would need the merriment of the experience some of the school structure and activities which includes gym, arts, home economics and other program to suit their needs.With the process of mainstreaming the class sizes are increasing, therefore the instructors responsibilities are greater. This impacts educational attendants by having to upgrade their fellowship. The teachers responsibilities towards totally students is to make them feel safe in the school environment. They are also responsible for planning a curriculum that go forth refer every students needs, to the child who are considered normal and to the children who are considered exceptional.In the teachers curriculum adaptation is needed so each child receives the knowledge, skills and attitudes needed to progress in their abilities. With the supporter of an educational assistant who has certain general information about children with exceptionalities the teachers work level is alleviated. Knowledge helps the educational assistant effectiveness in interacting with children who are exceptional. The educational assistant will have a better understanding of the teachers needs and the needs of children with exceptionalities.There is a broad lop of different exceptionalities so the educational assistant need to be tractile and learn how to deal basis. The educational assistant will know how to sustain out the program that was adapted for the child without any long explanations from the teacher. The educational assistant, will facilitate the task and give the teacher more fourth dimension to give one on one time to every unmarried student. Also discerning how to carry out the program will help to facilitate the integration of the child to the regular classes.The knowledge and importance of knowing how to take proper written documentation will ensure close and helpful data on the child progress. It will record on daily a basis which will help the teacher and the group to make adaptations in their intervention plan so that the child will be a ble to reach their long and short term goals. As a team player the educational assistant will have the knowledge and help play an important role with the teacher in implementing techniques of behaviour management which will increase effectiveness in the classroom.With time, peoples watch and acceptance have changed making children with exceptionalities easier to integrate in the classroom . The demands of educational assistant have also changed with time . The task of an educational assistant has become more complex and they are now playing a bigger role and assuming more responsibilities. Having more general knowledge about exceptional children is essential. Well trained educational assistants are a key resource for teachers, children and the whole school system as they all work together as a team for the child.

Economics Paper Essay

1 outline the term equilibrium footingThe hurt at which quantity demanded by consumers and the quantity of goods and services supplied by firms is the same.3 With the help of an appropriate plat and the information in extract B, explain why the world price of sugar changed in 2009The price of sugar rose to $0.40 per kilo in 2009 this is shown in the extract as it states that in 2009 prices in New York and capital of the United Kingdom rose by 52% to its highest in almost three divisions. The diagram downstairs shows how the inward shift of supply caused by poor result harvests and Indias %40 fall in output of sugar abnormal the price of sugar due to its scarcity, leading to the %52 ski tow in price of sugar.Another factor that could have had an effect on the price of sugar would have been in 2008 there were poor roll harvests that year this led to a low level of supply in 2008 which raised(a) the price of sugar due to its scarcity. This poor harvest would have had somet hing to do with the land quality this may have affected the harvest in 2009.Supply constraints also had an effect, as due heavy rainfall the Columbian crop was damaged the rain also washed away some of the roads used to transport the products from the field to the market. So whatever crop the farmers managed to save from the rain was then prevented from reaching market, this would have contributed to the price arise in a way similar to the diagram above.India is a important producer of sugar, so much so that its sugar output is a critical factor in determining the world price of sugar. Indias output was forecast to fall by %40 so exclusively 15million tonnes of sugar would have been produced in the growing season this is well below Indias sugar consumption of 23million tonnes a year. This would mean that India wouldnt be inclined to export much of its sugar as theres already a deficit of supply in its own country. Although, with this great(p) fall in supply therell most likely be a rise in sugar price in India the bulk may not be willing or able to conduct the new price so whatever amount of sugar is leftover could be exported, at a price which would lead to the %52 rise in London and New York sugar prices.

Malaysian Legal System Introduction to Law

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA-FAKULTI FILEM TEATER & ANIMASI-ZOOM notES MALAYSIAN LEGAL SYSTEM+ knowledgeability TO LAW Sources of Lawstatutes, natural law reports, text books,religious beliefs, local customs, tactile sensation of jurists ? Law & MoralityOverlaps/Differs from Society e. g-gayism/illicit samsu-Swak/Psular ? Law & refereeUphold justice & depends on locality e. g rampancy ? Federal shaping (lex locci)/Written Constitution ? Highest Law of the land ?Malaysian/human rights/ indecorousness ?Any laws against the Federal Constitution-null & void ? e. retrospective penal provision/ test by the same offence/represented by a jural practitioner 24hrs MALAYSIAN LEGAL SYSTEM-MAXIMCHECK & BALANCE/MONTESQIEU ?JUDICIARY ? executive director ?LEGISTLATIVE TYPES OF LAW ?Written Law-e. g. acts/Un write Law-e. g. courts decicion ? Public Lawe. g. criminal law/Private Lawe. g. contract law ? Binding Precedent high Court binds the lower ?PersuasivePrecedentCourts of the same level persua sive LAW OF cut back ELEMENTS- 1. Offer To be distinguished from invitation to treatAdvertisement 2.Acceptance 3. Intention to make out legal relationship Mere promise for lunch treat is NOT binding 4. Consideration Except Natural Love & Affectione. g. pose to Son 5. Certainty 6. Capacity-Sound Mind MINOR General principle is not binding & restricted to the followings ? contracts for necessarieseg contracts to have food, clothes & purpose of education. ?contracts for scholarship a scholarship agreementis valid. ?contracts for insurance under the Insurance telephone number,1963, an infant everyplace the age of 10 may enter into a contract of insurance.H/e, if he is below 16, he can only do so with the written consent of his parents or guardian. CONTRACT VALIDSAH VOIDBATAL VODABLEBOLEH BATAL VOIDABLEIf proved the existence of these elements ?COERCION(paksaan) ?UNDUE INFLUENCE(tidak sewajar atau sepatutnya) ?FRAUD(penipuan) ?MISREPRESENTATION(gambaran yang salah) ? flaw(kesilapan ) LAW OF tortS ELEMENTSDUTY OF CARE- NOT TO BREACHED/TO ACT REASONABLY 1. NEGLIGENCE 2. go against Trespass to person/trespass to land / goods. Trespass to persons ? Assault ?electric battery false imprisonment. TRESSPASSERS SHALL BE LIABLENOTPROSECUTED 3. NUISANCE i. public abomination ii. private nuisance. 4. DEFAMATION ?LIBEL- publication ?SLANDER-words ? GENERAL DEFENCES (EXCEPTIONS) NEGATING LIABILITY IN TORT 1)VOLENTI NON FIT INJURIA 2)MISTAKE 3)INEVITABLE ACCIDENT 4)ACT OF GOD 5) sequestered DEFENCE. 6)NECESSITY 7)STATUTORY CONTRACT TORT 2 sides/ parties perchance More than 2parties Written/Unwritten No written aggreement essential resort Damages Remedy Damages tariff Contractual Duty Duty Duty of CareCOMPANY,PARTNERSHIP & doctor PROPRIETOR SOLE PROPRIETOR SOLE PROPRIETOR- go-ahead REGISTRATION-LOW FEES EASY TO OPERATE MOST COMMON BUSINESS/INDIVIDUAL/ENTERPRISE= SAME ENTITY RESOURCESOWN/FRIENDS/FAMILY 1 MAN SHOW FAST ON DECISION-START/CEASE OPERATE FROM HOME/NO OFFICE PARTNERSHIP PARTNERSHIP-TEAM UPRESOURCES-TANGIBLE/INTANGIBLE BIGGER SCALE RESOURCES-TANGIBLE/INTANGIBLE POPULAR AMONG PROFESSIONALS LIABILITY/ net profit SHARED PARTNERSHIP- NO AGREEMENT-PRESUMPTION=EQUALLY LIABLE PARTNERSHIP-WITH AGREEMENT-ACCORDING TO AGREEMENT PARTNER playacting ON BEHALF OF PARTNERSHIP-BINDING personalised ASSET=LIABLE COMPANY COMPANY-SEPARATE ENTITY RESOURCES-CAPITAL-PAID UP/ classical DOCUMENTATIONSMEMORANDUM/ARTICLE REGISTERED OFFICE COSTLY COMPANY SECRETARY RESOLUTIONS-LOANS? funding? PERSONAL ASSET/COMPANY ASSET AUDITED /ANNUAL MEETING dexterous PROPERTY * REAL PRORERTY- Building/chattels/land/house=tangible PERSONAL PROPERTY-Jewelleries,laptops,handphones/cars=tangible * INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY-theintangibleproduct of one persons work by hand/brain against unauthorized use or exploitation by another ? Berne Copyright Convention1886cxxxvcountries PROTECTION-INTELLECTUAL PROPERTYe. g. to be protected ?PATENT ?TRADEMARK ?INDUSTRIAL physical consistence ? CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION ?TRADE SECRET ?COPYRIGHT ?GEOGRAPHICAL power ?INTERGRATED CIRCUIT ?INDUSTRIALDESIGN mhotion 7 of the Act, Copyright Act includes ?literary works ?musical works ?artistic works ?films ? clayey recordings broadcasts PRE REQUISITE FOR PROTECTION Sec 7 (3)ORIGINAL/GENUINE Sec 8 (3)MATERIAL FORM Sec 17DURATION50 YRS AFTER DEATH MULTIMEDIA LAW Technology * A body of knowledge used to create tools, develop skills & extract or accumulate materials * An evolution of idea * Impacting the world-creating new wealth, reshaping economy & social policy General-NewMedia * e-mail * Social network * Video conference * Digitalisation -Nothing can exchange face to face communication -Cost effective-travel/ accessible large group -New skills required Same effect-on line & off line -Virtual -No barrier privacy The right to be left alone Tresspass to- * Personal Data-biological/genetics deoxyribonucleic acid /banks * Freedom-human rights * Privacy-private life Remedy ?Federa l Constitution ?Civil Proceedings ? penal Code ?Personal Data Protection Act ?Communication & multimedia system Act Malaysian RegulatoryBody Suruhanjaya Komunikasi Multimedia-THE AUTHORITY e. g. whole cellular phone accounts need to be registered JURISDICTION Post/ messenger Energy Telecoms Digital certification authorities

Demonstrative Communication Essay

Demonstrative discourse is a type of confabulation that observes non vocal cues. Examples of non-verbal cues include t unrivaled of voice, nervus facialis expressions, and body nomenclature. Communication usher out be defined as the physical process of sending and receiving capacitys. Communication involves the exchange of thoughts, centres, or information with a some ace or some unrivalleds. Communication target be verbal or nonverbal, compose or visual. There atomic number 18 many directions to communicate with one an otherwise most wad only think verbal when you give tongue to about communication. A lot of people dont adopt that facial expressions and body speech communication are a part of communication.The substance ab drug abuse of body language can be subtle or much demonstrative this would depend on situation that is going on. The person you are communicating with as well as your own style. An legal use of body language, as with other components of commu nication can help one understand the message you are nerve-wracking to send. Our demonstrative communication ineluctably to be coupleed with our verbal message if these two behaviors do not match with a similar tone misinterpretations can occur.Demonstrative communication can only be effective when the comprehender understands the message the person is trying to send. Effective communication is necessary for lifes relationships, work, and play. To achieve effective communication it is important to maintain meat contact this ensures alertness to the conversation. midriff contact can also make sure the other person knows it is importation and that you are talking to them.One cause of misunderstanding is the verbal message does not match the demonstrative communication. Effective communication requires dynamical sense of hearing from both. The messenger wants to watch the receiver to see if they understand the message and be prepared for questions and feedback that the receive r might have. We have to maintain eye contact as well as positive body language and facial expressions to maintain communication. When the listener completely understands the message sent the message is effective.Ineffective communication may be caused when the messenger is using language the receiver does not understand, when angry, or loss of eye contact. The messenger may be speaking too quickly for the receiver to pick up the information. If both the receiver and listener are angry he or she will receive the information wrong. If you are trying to communicate when youre mad it can cause confusion. You may speak loud, cut the other off and not listen to what is being give tongue to. You will only ascertain what you want to hear. Another sign of toothless communication is if the messenger or the receiver does more talking than listening. For example Some families have go apart due to miscommunication and for sending the wrong information and the receiver getting an offensive message.This is cause by not saying the proper talking to and using the incorrect facial expressions, body language and gestures. Effective communication is the process of two- course communication between the messenger and receiver. If communication is ineffective it can cause confusion to both the messenger and the receiver. Another way it can be ineffective would be if you dont clench eye contact this can give the receiver or the messenger time to wonder away from the subject. If you lose eye contact that can mean it is not interesting and you are losing the communication. Not listening to what one has to say and be cut off but the messenger or the receiver would also cause problems and miscommunication.Demonstrative communication involves listening and responding to the message. audience and responding depends on who you are talking to and what is being discussed. If you are not listening when someone is speaking to you, your response may be false or not correct according to what is being discussed or with the tone it was said in. Listening is one of the most important skills you can have. How well you listen has a major impact on your personal and work life. In order to listen, a person has to hear and look at you. This way they get the tone of you verbal communication as well as the demonstrative communication. Demonstrative communication reinforces verbal communication in a conversation. To fully understand what someone is saying you have to hear the lyric as well as watch the body language of the people in the conversation.

Answers: Risk Aversion and Security

Your assistant, Thomas, is briefing you on the current portfolio and states We form likewise much of our portfolio in Alpha. We should probably move some of those funds into da Gamma so we can achieve better diversification. Is he right? breath Feel free to use spreadsheet statistical functions. Here is the data on all three stocks. Assume, for convenience, that all three securities do not conciliate dividends. Alpha, authorized hurt 40 Current Weight 80% following(a) Years Price intricacy 48, Normal 44, break 36 Beta, Current Price 27. 0 Current Weight 20% Next Years Price Expansion 27. 50, Normal 26, Recession 25 Gamma, Current Price 15 Current Weight 0% Next Years Price Expansion 16. 50, Normal 19. 50, Recession 12. It depends. No. Yes. Answer Yes Question 10 (15 points) Suppose t present be two mortgage bankers. Banker 1 has two $1,000,000 mortgages to sell. The borrowers live on diametrical sides of the country and face an independent probability of default of 5%, with the banker able-bodied to keep open 40% of the mortgage value in case of default.Banker 2 also has two $1,000,000 mortgages to sell, merely Banker gs borrowers live on the same street, have the same Job security measures and income. Put differently, the fates and thus solvency of Banker gs borrowers move in lock step. They have a probability of defaulting of 5%, with the banker able to salvage 40% of the mortgage value in case of default. Both Bankers innovation to sell their exceptive mortgages as a bundle in a mortgage-backed security (MBPS) (I. E. , as a portfolio). Which of the following is correct?Banker gs MBPS has a higher evaluate effect and more risk. Banker Xis MBPS has a higher expect return and little risk. Banker Xis MBPS has a higher expected return and more risk. Banker gs MBPS has more risk, but the expected returns on both MBPS are the same. Banker Xis MBPS has more risk, but the expected returns on both MBPS are the same. Banker gs MBPS has a higher ex pected return and less risk. The same. In accordance with the Coursers Honor Code, I (Oddity Vats) certify that the answers here are my own work.

Rates of Reaction Lab Investigation

Chemestry Lab Rates of Reaction (Picture from http//sciencespot. wampum/Pages/kdzchem. html) The pass judgment of reception is how fast or slow a response is completed. This is important for factories and chemists all all over the world. What happenes during a chemical reaction is atoms or molecules that shake up and convention new molecules. You can affect this rate of reaction with temperature of reactants or suroundings, surface bea of reactants, if there is a catalyst present, but in theis lab the closeness was metamorphosed as the IV. The reaction rate is masured in agitate/time, in this case it was loudness of hitmanolenes produced/minutes. bollix up was measured in ml/minute, and this was the DV. work out of lab was To find the change in rate if reaction, depending on the ducking of hydrocloric acid. Hypothesis If the concentration of hydrocloric acid is attachd, the rate of reaction will increase and the volume of gass will increase. The reasoning behind the hypothesis is that when there are more than than molecules in the solution the reactants collide more often, so more product is made in a shorter hitche of time. The equation was Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2 akin article Measuring Reaction Rate Using Volume of Gas ProducedIndependent variable Dependent variable Controled variables Value How to control the CV compactness of acid Rate of reaction Vol of acid 20 ml handbill using a 50ml Measuring cylinder 2 moles pr. L Vol of gas Temp of acid Room temp. Not controlled, only montored 1 moles pr. L Amount of Mg 5 cm or ornamentation/ 0. 07g Ruler, and tilt 0. 5 moles pr. L Precence of catalyst No Not have a catalyst 0. 25 moles pr. L Type of acid Hydrocloric Have alike type of acid Method 1. Gather aparatus and materials, and set up as shown in diagram below aparatus list. 2. Bucket + pissing 3. Measure temp, in room and water 4.Fill measuring cylinder with water 5. dick furnish + sidearmed test tube 6. Obtain 0. 08 g using a w eight, straddle in side-armed test tube 7. 20 ml HCl of 2 moles pr. L in measuring cylinder 8. Place measuring cylinder in bucket with water, upside down, without air leaking in to the cylinder when flipped. 9. Puor HCl into side-armed testtube. 10. Start the stop watch 11. Close the top of the side-armed test tube by placing rubber knock 12. Weight 3 min. be accurate using the stopwatch 13. land ml of gas produced 14. Reapeat the look into twise pr. Concentration 2 moles pr L, 1 mole pr. L, 0. 5 moles pr. L and 0. 25 moles pr. L Aparatus list Sidearemd testtube Rubber plug Rubber tube Bucket Water 2x 100ml measuring cylinder 400ml Beaker 40 ml in each concentration type of HCl acid, 2, 1, 0. 5 and 0. 25 M. Pr. L 8x 0. 08g of Mg bay wreath Stopwatch Raw entropy dining table presentation amount of gas created in the two trials of the experiment Concentration in moles pr. L Trial 1 ml og gass produced in 3 min Trial 2 ml og gass produced in 3 min 0. 25 8 10 0. 50 3 0 32 1. 00 70 73 2. 00 61 65 First proceced data table showing average of gas made Concentration in moles pr. L Average of trial 1 and 2 in ml of gas produced in 3 min 0. 25 9 0. 50 31 1. 0 71. 5 2. 00 63 Proceced data table showing rate of reaction Formula used=ml of gass produced/time (in seconds) Concentration in moles pr. L Rate of reaction calculation in ml/sec Rate of reaction result in ml/sec 0. 25 9/180 0. 05 0. 50 31/180 0. 17 1. 00 71. 5/180 0. 40 2. 00 63/180 0. 35 Graph showing the rate of reaction Conclusion As the results clearly show, the rate of reaction increases rapidly and this strongly supports my hypothesis. The amount of succesfull collisions increased, because of increased number of atoms in the product, so when the concentration was increased it rate of reaction increases.There are more collisions because of more atomes, and therefor more succesfull once. Evaluation Random errors * Therometer used to measure temperature * Inaccuracy of +/- 1 C * Balance weig ht used to measure Mg ribbon * Inaccuracy of +/- 0. 01 g * Measuring cylinders used to measure volume of acid and volume of gas * Inaccuracy of +/- 0. 5 ml * Ruler used to measure Mg ribbon * Inaccuracy of +/- 0. 1 cm Ways to maintain random errors and amend the method Compleet the experiment more times Systematic errors As you adjoin in the graph, the fourth result was anomalus.During the 3 minutes the magnesium ribbon was used up in a very short period of time. The rate was so fast in the 2 moles per liter that it was over in under a minutte, but in the early(a) concentration types it tok longer time for the reaction to compleet. Therefor we have to look remote from the highest concentrations, and focus on the three lowest. This was a big weakness in the lab. When pouring the HCl acid into the side armed test tube, some of the reaction had been compleeted before we had time to put the rubber stopper on all(prenominal) time. The temperature was only monitored, not controll ed. Ways to reduce systematic errors and improve the lab * Have a shorter reaction time shorten the time form 3 min to around 1 minutte. * Use a fisle-funnle to prevent gas leaking out before the stopper is placed on the testtube. * Do the experiment in a controlled environment, like in a water bath. Sugestions to possible further investigations into this topic You can change the IV, to one of the other factors that affect rate of reaction. Eg. Take the same concentration of HCl acid and change the temperature, or the precence of catalyst.

Similar Gothic Elements in the Work of Edgar Allan Poe and Nathaniel Hawthorne

Similar Gothic Elements in the Work of Edgar Allan Poe and Nathaniel Hawthorne Nathaniel Hawthorne and Edgar Allan Poe ar considered masters of Ameri open fire black letter fiction. They use similar Gothic elements in their musical composition and used it to build up a sense of threatening doom. Even today numerous readers enjoy, study, and discuss the gothic elements both utilise in their work. Gothic writing is a style that is vexed with the ominous side of society, an evil that lies within the self.Poe and Hawthorne contri scarceed stories which subscribeed dark struggles amid characters and society with its rules of night club of the sentence. Gothic writing is fantasy meant to entertain despite the fact that it depicts the policy-making and social problems happening at the time. Nathaniel Hawthorne and Edgar Allen Poe used their writing to allow them and readers spread over with the problems of society, their own lives, and their knowledgeable demons. Poe and Hawt hornes works are still gentleman interpreted by generations of readers on m whatsoever different levels.Nathaniel Hawthorne was one of the most(prenominal) valiant and significant writers of fiction before the Civil War. He gained fame for publishing, The orange red Letter, and was praised for his literary style. The Scarlet Letter, allowed him to direct attention to issues he valued. Other stories like, The Birthmark, and, Rappaccinis Daughter, provided a unique view of a how a male dominate society can harm its women. Author Henry James considered him a genius and the most significant writer of his time (Norton Anthology, Nathaniel Hawthorne 1272).Often Hawthornes jobs pulled him away from his writing but allowed him to support his family. Hawthorne skillfully used gothic elements in his writing to create a clear picture of few approaching final stage. Though he favored his poetry, Edgar Allan Poe was a master weaverbird of horror tales who influenced other writers much(pre nominal) as T. S. Eliot and William Faulkner (Norton Anthology, Edgar Allan Poe 1531). His lifetime of troubles may maintain shaped his stories of haunting and death.His reputation as one of the key writers of the pale in the 18th s outright is due to selections of poetry and prose such as, The Raven, The Purloined Letter, The show-Tale warmth and The Cask of Amontillado. His story, The Murders in the sorrow Morgue, is considered to be the first modern police detective story. Poe tried to make writing his repair fashion of work but found that was not possible so he spent time doing different jobs and even joining the military for a time, none of which worked out. He was prone to drinking and had health issues most of his life.For a time, he was an editor for different publications. However, after the death of his wife, Virginia, Poes weakness for drinking change magnitude and partly contributed to his death. Hawthorne and Poe used gothic elements in their writing to buil d up the sense of impending doom. For example, Some of Edgar Allan Poes work seems to follow a pattern the indeterminate urban situations, the nightmare intensities, and above all, the confusions of consciousness as the protagonists madness destabilizes narrative and setting (Lloyd-Smith, Chapter ternary 30).Poe used these near death situations and a dreamlike feeling in his writing coupled with his morbid sense of humor to reverse the outlook of his readers. He combined in his poetry and prose ways to make his readers quiver unspeakably and tantalize them with psychological complexities. In the selections The drop dead of the domicil of Usher, and The Murders at Rue Morgue, he incorporates gothic elements of fantastic excess which invite and challenge recital (Lloyd-Smith, Chapter Three 32).To illustrate this, Nathaniel Hawthorne similarly internalized and domesticated the Gothic to explore its insights into the psychological science of everyday life, and its applicability to history (Lloyd-Smith, Chapter Three 33). His tales are full of charming or fetish objects which are used to show a serial of historical and personal meanings (Lloyd-Smith Chapter Three 33). Hawthorne used these elements to create a standard pressure of gothic strangeness that fascinate the reader due to the variety of meanings it contains such as the scarlet letter in his novel, The Scarlet Letter, or the mantic veil in The looks Black Veil. In particular, The get of the House of Usher, is justly the most famous of all Poes gothic horrors. For it is solely within the context of this nightmare that one can explain wherefore Usher, occupies such an important place in the 19th century development of the Gothic genre. With great attention to economy of expression and accord of effect, this pattern would be revisited by countless other Gothic stylists (Dougherty 6).This nub that Poe used the fantasy of impending doom in The Fall of the House of Usher to change it from being jus t an upper class dream, to a tale of horror which brought together whatever of the political situations in the nineteenth century such as those of race and class. Hawthorne and Poe successfully incorporated gothic elements in their writing which provides greater insight to the meaning and interpretation of their works. Nathaniel Hawthorne and Edgar Allan Poe employ specific literary elements to bring their stories to life for their readers.For instance, Poe uses imagery to transform The Fall of the House of Usher, into a rebellion of inharmonious elements. The house has the same twist as a human head, with windows shaped like eyes, and as it begins to revert into disrepair so to do the humans inhabiting the bag, Roderick and Madeline. They are no longer governed by reason and there is a shift to corruption, insanity, and irrational behavior ( crown 32). This operator that the di lousinesstegration of the home mirrors the impending death of those living in the home as well.Ulti mately, the home crumbles and is swallowed into the waters of a small lake after Madeline and Roderick die. In addition, Nathaniel Hawthorne prolific use of emblems in his writing alerts us that they are allegories and that the stories go beyond the regional, historic, pastoral and gothic boundaries which generate and define them (Heim & Bloom 49). This means in The Birthmark, the birthmark itself authenticly symbolizes life as opposed to dishonor because when Aylmer removes it from his wifes face, he achieves the perfection he is desireing, but at the cost of her life. Alas, it was too accepted The fatal Hand gad grappled with the whodunit of life, and was the bond by which an angelic spirit kept itself in legal jointure with a mortal frame. As the resist crimson tint of the birth-markthat sole token of human imperfectionfaded from her cheek, the parting breath of the now perfect woman passed into the atmosphere, and her soul, lingering a moment, near her husband, took its h eavenward escape valve (Norton Anthology, Nathaniel Hawthorne 1331).In addition, the emblem he uses in The Scarlet Letter, projects the reader should seek more meaning regarding what it really was and what it was telling the reader because it was active more than just about forbidden love. In Rappaccinis Daughter, the garden itself became a source of poison despite its incredible beauty because the flowers that make it dishy could kill anyone who comes close to them. Moreover, Hawthornes tales are critiques of the nature and efficacy of counterpoint values with which moral problems can be met (Heim & Bloom 53).This means that because of his puritan heritage, Hawthorne used his writing to explore the exchange of and the difficulty between situations transaction with desires and imagination. He looked at the moral problems and the limitations where desires and actions connect and struggle. In The Scarlet Letter, the condition is set for the struggle of forbidden sexual intercou rse between Minister Dimmesdale and Hester Prynne. Poe and Hawthorne contributed stories which contained struggles between characters and the society and its rules of order of the time. For example, Hawthornes tales are often constructed to suggest that they are narratives veiled by something in the structure of the narrative itself (Heim & Bloom 68). This means that Hawthornes selections describe people who are torn between their own wishes and the differing demands of society and its rules of right and wrong. They test ones limits and the possibilities of sin and virtue with a great anxiety for righteousness. Hawthorne had an intimate understanding of the elements that piece of music and set apart the human condition.To illustrate, for Edgar Allan Poe reason seems a masquerade, adopted only when convenient as in his analysis of his own poem, The Raven, that refuses submission to its rule. He claimed the existence of a Higher Reason, accessible by intuition and self-contemplation and Poes fiction plays around this theme showing how his narrators attempt to contain their irrational experiences, drives, and desires within the rational framework(Lloyd-Smith, Chapter Five 68). Poe believed reason was reusable on his terms and the irrational could be controlled to a certain degree.This is why he is considered the father of the short story. In addition, Poes prose, continually confronts the somatic of the real body or the corpse. Death is perpetually confronted, but the opening opens only to the horror of this intransigent real such as in, The Tell Tale Heart, which begins with the narrator explaining his reason for committing murder (Lloyd-Smith, Chapter Five 69). He had neer wronged me. He had never given me insult. For his gold I had no desire. I think it was his eye Yes, it was thisHe had the eye of a vulturea pale blue eye, with a film over it. Whenever it fell upon me, my line of reasoning ran cold and so by degreesvery graduallyI made up my mind to ta ke the life of the old man, and thus loose myself of the eye forever (290 Poe). Also, characters in Poes stories seem to be awaiting death and cheat it long enough to be able to convey their last message before meeting some horrifying end. His narrators also began by explaining the reason for their misdeeds or misfortunes to the reader as a preface to the actual story.Hawthorne and Poe also used their writing to allow them to deal with the problems of society, their own lives, and their inner demons. To illustrate, The Gothic public Hawthorne created in his fictionwith its his gloomy settings, concern with death, and explorations of the demonicis rudimentary to his moral and thematic purposes as it allowed him a wide-cut realm through which he could tell the dark truths about the world as he perceived it (Lloyd-Smith, Chapter Five 71). This means that the gothic elements he used in this writing allowed him to tell about social injustices he felt strongly about.Some such issues w ere slavery and the degradation of women in a male dominated society. For example, Poes works are associated with death and horror, and he finds a place among the gothic writers. In fact, Poes use of death as a central motif finds service only in his involvement of the effect which Poe suggests should be the motivation behind the creation and development of any short story(Pahl 8). The use of death as a central theme in his writing was helpful only if they produced a carnal effect on the reader.Poe felt this gothic element should be the whimsical force behind any short story that is to be real and worthy of reading. In addition, Poe strived to achieve an emotional effect of either regret or terror when he chose the unanticipated and undeserved death of new-fangled maidenssoul mates either as wives or sistersas the message most likely to inspire this gothic effect (Pahl 10). Poe often chose to confront women in his works as weak, sickly and almost deserving of some ghastly de mise. The characters were usually young and whose roles were that of sisters or wives in the selections.Finally, Hawthorne and Poe both had a fascination with death and the supernatural, which they included in their writing. These gothic elements coupled with the lessons about life, death, morality, sin and virtue in a male dominated world make their writing major sources of study and discussion even today. Readers can choose to focus on Poes specific situations set up to produce a reaction or Hawthornes ability to escape attention to details and setting. Clearly these two gothic fiction writers helped chip in the American short story with a dark twist.Works Cited Bloom, Harold. thematic Analysis of The Haunted Palace. Blooms Major Poets Edgar Allan Poe (Jan. 1999) 32-35. literary audience Center. EBSCO. Laredo Community College Library, Laredo, TX. 06 June 2009 http//search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true&db=lfh&AN=16466202&site=ehost-live Dougherty, Stephen. Foucault i n the House of Usher Some Historical Permutations in Poes Gothic. Papers on Language & Literature 37. 1 (n. d. ) 3. Literary Reference Center. EBSCO. Laredo Community College Library, Laredo, TX. 0 June 2009 http//search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true&db=lfh&AN=4316178&site=ehost-live Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Nina Baym et al. Vol. B. New York, W. W. Norton & Co. , 2007. 1272-1495. Heims, Neil, and Harold Bloom.. An grounding to Some Elements of Nathaniel Hawthornes Fiction. Blooms BioCritiques Nathaniel Hawthorne (Jan. 2003) 49-78. Literary Reference Center. EBSCO. Laredo Community College Library, Laredo, TX. 24 June 2009 http//search. ebscohost. com/login. spx? direct=true=lfh=16305750=ehost-live Lloyd-Smith, Allan. Chapter Five Major Themes in American Gothic. 65-132. Continuum International Publishing mathematical group Ltd Books, 2004. Literary Reference Center. EBSCO. Laredo Community College Library, Laredo, TX. 24 June 2009 http//search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true=lfh=23674509=ehost-live Lloyd-Smith, Allan. Chapter Three How to Read American Gothic. 25-35. Continuum International Publishing Group Ltd Books, 2004. Literary Reference Center.EBSCO. Laredo Community College Library, Laredo, TX. 25 June 2009 http//search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true=lfh=23674507=ehost-live Pahl, Dennis. Architects of the Abyss The Indeterminate Fictions of Poe, Hawthorne and Melville. capital of South Carolina University of Missouri Press, 1989. Poe, Edgar A. The Norton Anthology of American Literature. Ed. Nina Baym et al. Vol. B. New York, W. W. Norton & Co. , 2007. 1528-1626. Poe, Edgar A. The Tell Tale Heart. The Portable Poe. Ed. Philip van Doren Stern. New