Rising Greenhouse Gas Emissions Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Rising Greenhouse bodge Emissions - Coursework ExampleThe other risks that are regarded as having more gravity include global governance failure, unsustainable race growth, and uprising green house emissions (Barnett & Adger, 2003). The paper discusses the risk of increasing babys room emissions. Global warming comes closely as result green house emissions leading to the greenhouse effect. The burning of fossil fuels and extensive glade of forests has led to a 40% increase in the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide from 280 to 392.6 parts per cardinal in 2012 (CDIAC, 2012). Developing nations have been found to have higher percentages of greenhouse emissions compared to the developed countries. The increase of greenhouse gases is a result of human activities such as forest degradation and burning of fossil fuels.thither is growing recognition that there are over 50 global risks are classified into tailfin main categories (1) geopolitical global governance failure (2) societal unsustainable population growth, ineffective drug policies (3) expert critical systems failure (4) economic chronic fiscal imbalances, major systematic financial failure (5) environmental greenhouse gas emissions (Howel 201354-55).The rising green house emissions risk fall under the environmental category. The rising green house emissions are a threat to the world regarding the gravity of its consequences. Greenhouse gases consist of those gases that mouth and absorb infrared radiation, excluding the radiation in near or visible spectrum (Pandey, 2007). In order of copiousness they include Water vapor, carbon (IV) oxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, and chloro floro carbons (CFCs). The main source of green house gases is carbon dioxide. The by-line fuels natural gases, liquefied petroleum gas, automobile gasoline, kerosene, wood and wood waste, and coal if combusted produce a chaw greenhouse gases too (Dijk et al. 2012110-115).Carbon dioxide (CO2) is viewed to the mo st vital

Theories of Attachment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Theories of Attachment - Essay ensampleNew longer-term research studies had likewise shown that bonding occurs not sole(prenominal) if the m other(a) cares for the child but overly with the fathers (Belluck, 2011, p. 1) in which fatherhood is a crucial component in raising successfully the child and of nurturing a family.One attachment theory developed by psychiatrist and psychoanalyst John Bowlby had emphasized the deal of childs to have one consistent primary caregiver to whom they can attach normally during their social and activated development, typically from 6 months to 2 years old. Usually, it is the mother that provides the need for an attachment figure but other people may in some cases be acceptable such as the father, the grandmother, the older cognate or close relatives.Another prominent theory on bonding is the one developed by Klaus and Kennell which states that maternal bonding is important which in turn gave rise to the new practice of bringing a new baby to its mother instead of being brought to the nursery. The theory became controversial as they postulated that maternal need can lead to maladjustments later on such as an eating disorder, personality defects, juvenile immorality and substance abuse by a failure to bond.I believe the attachment theory that is better(p) aligned and integrated with my own views of attachment is the single caregiver theory. Infants stick to one caregiver during their number one months of existence and any changes will result in the so-called separation anxiety as the infant grows a bit older and able to recognize faces and voices. It is therefore very vital to have solitary(prenominal) one person as the primary caregiver, maybe relieved by someone else but only for brief periods of time so as not to cause stress, anxiety, fear or other cast out emotions on the baby who sees long periods of separation as a threat to its survival. The attachment theory by Bowlby is now

BUSINESS LAW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

BUSINESS LAW - Essay ExampleConstitution, obligate III, Section 2, Clause 1, and 28 United States Judicial Code 1332(a)(2). U.S. Const. art. III, 2, cl. 1. grants federal judicial power over all cases that are between a U.S. State or the citizen of a U.S. State and any unusual States, Citizens or Subjects. 28 U.S.C. 1332(a)(2) provides for jurisdiction over a civil action that is between the citizen(s) of a U.S. State, and the citizens or prevail overs of a hostile state.The complainant attempted to sue Albert Khalily and D.A.Y. Kids Sportswear, Inc., in the Southern District of in the altogether York, on the basis of alleged breach of contract. Both defendants were incorporated in the State of New York. The complainant holded the right to bring suit in a U.S. apostrophize under 28 U.S.C. 1332(a)(2), which grants jurisdiction to the flirt over civil disputes between U.S. citizens and citizens or subjects of a orthogonal state.During the breach of contract case, in June 19 96, the court, of its accord, brought up the issue of whether it had proper jurisdiction over the matter. After the parties involved had briefed the issue, in August 1996, the court dismisssed it on the basis of lack of jurisdiction, having persistent that, for the purposes of diversity jurisdiction, Hong Kong is not a foreign state, and, therefore, the plaintiff cannot be considered a citizen or subject of one.(a) no. Issue(s) (a) Does Hong Kong merit the legal status of a foreign state, thus allowing Matimak the status of a citizen or subject of a foreign state for the purposes of alienism jurisdiction(b) Does Matimak have the status of a citizen or subject of the United Kingdom because of the Hong Kongs status as a British Dependent Territory, when Matimak brought suit(c)Does every non-U.S. citizen, in fact, have the right to claim alienage jurisdiction, when engaged in a civil dissent with a U.S. citizen Holding (a) No. Hong Kong is not recognized a foreign state by the Execu tive sleeve of the U.S. regimen, therefore, Matimak is not a citizen or subject of a foreign state for the purposes of alienage jurisdiction.(b) No. Matmak is not a citizen or subject of the United Kingdom because the United Kingdom does not recognize corporations founded in Hong Kong as its citizens or subjects.(c) No. Only the citizens or subjects of foreign states which are recognized as being sovereign states by the U.S. Government may claim alienage jurisdiction.Reasoning (a) The definition of foreign state is not explicitly provided indoors the Constitution, nor in the relevent law. However, 13B C. Wright, A. Miller & E. Cooper, Federal Practice & Procedure 3604 (1984) holds that the generally recognized definition of a foreign state, for purposes of U.S. legal status is a state that is recognized formally by the Executive Branch of the Federal Government.The Court used this definition to provide a ruling on the question of alienage jurisdiction in Iran Handicraft and Carpe t Export Center v. Marjan International Corp., 655 F. Supp. 1275 (S.D.N.Y.), affd, 868 F.2d 1267 (2d Cir. 1988). At that time, the Court determined that because only the President has the power to receive Foreign Ministers, formal recognition of foreign states is solely the realm of the Executive Bra

Historical Homes in Natchez Mississippi Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Historical Homes in Natchez Mississippi - Essay recitationNatchez is one of Mississippis oldest cities and was founded in 1716. It is also famous as the southern terminus of the content Trace commonaltyway, located along the River Mississippi. Due to its strategic location, the urban center became famous in American narrative for the role it played in the development of the Old South West. Lorenz, Karl G. (2000). Natchez is the county seat ( content Association of Counties. 2008) of and the largest and only collective city within Adams County, Mississippi, in the United States. According to a census taken in 2000, Natchez has a population of about 18, 464 people.According to archaeological findings, the original site of Natchez was the headman ceremonial village that was in use(p) by an Indian tribe since the 8th century. The society of Natchez was segregated according to matrilineal descent into nobles and commoners and their chief was called the Great Sun. At Natchez, the G rand Village of the Natchez Indians is well preserved as a great National Historic Landmark, and is maintained by the Mississippi Department of Archives and History.Natchez Mississippi is very famous for some(a) of the most interesting historical landmarks in the world. Our study would also cover this aspect of investigating the divers(prenominal) main(prenominal) historical landmarks and make a detailed study of each one of them. Some of these important landmarks include Natchez National Historical Park, fort Rosalie and many other interesting landmarks.Natchez National Historical Park celebrates the rich and interesting cultural history of Natchez, Mississippi and gives us an interpretation of the pivotal role that the city exhibited in the settlement of the Old Southwest, the Cotton Kingdom and the Antebellum South. The Park comprised of three different units and Fort Rosalie is the location of an 18th Century fortification built by the French which was

Three-river-source ecological environment protection strategy Essay

Three-river-source ecologic environment security department strategy - Essay ExampleTo achieve ecological and environmental protection in this region, an innovative environmental protection strategy is required. New developments in environmental policy, coupled with a new global aw beness are sure to help the environmental cause. The establishment of a permanent ecological conservation regularise will serve as a model for the region. The establishment of the Three-River source regions ecological protection foundation is crucial, and so is building a long-term ecological environment wages policy. The compensation policy serves for relocating people, who depend on the region, to towns and cities, in order to restore its rivers ecological environment. The establishment of an ecological conservation zone has become an important protection activity in natural areas around the world.The establishment of an ecological conservation zone is not only beneficial for conserving the flora and fauna, but it also generates economic benefits for communities life history in rural and remote areas. Generally speaking, conservation strives to practice the sensible use of natural resources and maintains the biological diversity. It limits the adverse effects of human activities by establishing an ecological conservation zone. It serves to restore timber, improve water flavour and provide an area to graze livestock. Conservation practice concerns all kinds of disciplines. It is relevant for subjects- such as philosophy, economics, and sociology - that are concerned with the social environment.

Colonial Medicine Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Colonial Medicine - Assignment exemplificationMoney had to be made, and the men, especially, were determined to make themselves and their families financially free. Women, on the other hand, were in charge of sympathize with for the children. Almost every two years, a new child would be born to a woman, devising her be responsible for compassionate for children pretty much her entire adult life. Women even began taking guardianship of the children before the adult years. For instance, when Rebecca Lukens came home from the boarding school that she attended to get a top-of-the-line education, she was home caring for her six younger siblings at sixteen years of age. While some were owners of large farms and plantations, and while on that point were others who tended to family duties, others went to school to get an education on a wide variety of things, such as apprenticeships and obtaining health check degrees (Gustaitis).According to the article titled, Iron Woman one could dr aw the conclusion that men in the beginning were doctors. Women primarily were nurses, and they worked with midwifery, helping other women deliver their children. For instance, the husband of Rebecca Lukens, Charles Lloyd Lukens, studied to become a physician and practiced for kinda some time before he decided that hed go into the iron line of descent along with Rebeccas father (Gustaitis).During those times, women did not primarily work, as their duties were primarily in the home. However, when their husbands died, leaving them widows, these women were fitted to inherit all of the estate, the bank line, and any other financial means that their husbands left behind. Not to mention, they possessed effective rights (Gustaitis).In 1840, Rebecca was the sole owner of her business, and she had done well enough that she be became a very booming CEO. Her iron business thrived until her death, and it even is thriving today. As a matter of fact, in the year 1996, Rebecca was entered i nto the business hall of fame (Gustaitis). This

Writing 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Writing 1 - Essay Examplethe pleas presented were based on the fact that hiding is being eroded. Federal Court was moved in this regard in rules of order to quantify and specify the limits and scope of their workings and check the nature of questions presented before the jury. By the end of the hearing, the court announce that the practices of National Security Agency did not violate any major civil rights or privacy rules majorly (LIPTAK). Prior to the recent ruling, a former case undertaken with this regard assessed the scenario and termed the working of N.S.A as obstructing the privacy and canonical rights of ordinary citizens.The set of recommendations have come forth on account of response to the concerns expressed by Jeff Jarvis in a further response to the findings and decision made by the Federal Court (Jarvis). In one of the proceedings and case result the court termed the activities of N.S.A as that of one leading the country towards a totalitarian state outlook with no private life protection and privacy respect.In order and effort to make up for the concerns of number of citizens, a ten point recommendation plan has been suggested with aims of providing the N.S.A a working mechanism which leave allow for a more transparent, efficient and little controversial working mechanism with regard to privacy and public personal life (Brand). For the purpose a Board has been brought into perpetrate with regard to the working of the N.S.A and possible definition of its scope and privacy breach protection. These recommendations include the followingThe get on advised the N.S.A for a possible redefinition of the identifying and then targeting a particular suspect action or individual. This will allow for a better understanding of the scenario with regard to the privacy protection. This part of recommendation largely pertains to the cooperation with the foreign security agencies and the American citizens monitoring who may be outside the American soil.T his

Homework 3B Legal Aspects of nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Homework 3B Legal Aspects of nursing - Essay ExampleBy the take up unlocking the butt limen and allowing the enduring, Judy to shower by herself is a baptistry that can be argued out both to be inattention on one hand and not negligence on the other hand. This act amounts to negligence following the fact that the nurse left the patient to a lower place no watch yet it is required that such shape of a patient should be under strict watch throughout and should not be left alone before they fully rec oer. Judy was found alone when she wanted to hang herself using a rope, this means that when given time alone anymore, gross mistake can be committed because the nurse do not know what Judy is capable of doing. Therefore, the nurse was not supposed to leave Judy alone in a place like a bathroom where there are several harmful objects that a patient like Judy can use to accomplish what they hurt really wanted to do over a long period of time. On the other hand, it was a bright idea for the nurse to have left Judy to shower alone and with the bathroom verge open. This is an act that the patient requires to make them feel unblock when doing something which might make them have a sharp reflection over their lives and try to recollect the mixed-up pieces together which can also , greatly provide a solution to the patient. In as lots as Judy wanted to commit suicide, she also deserved to have some peaceful moment on her own may be while shes showering to relieve her at least from some kind of stress. The other issue here is that fact that the bathroom door was left unlocked. This was a good set that can not amount to negligence whatsoever due to the fact that by leaving the door open, it would be very easy to monitor the patient and even to come to their rescue in case of any trouble unlike when the bathroom door could have been locked. The nurse however, demand to ensure that the patient was not left alone at any one time and even certain tools that could b e used by the patient to accomplish a suicidal act were not left anyplace at the disposal of the patient. It was in order for the nurse to have left the bathroom door unlocked when the psychiatrist has come to see Judy since at that moment, the psychiatrist or any other person could initiate into the bathroom and watch over Judy to see how she was faring on or even notice earlier if she was training to do something that could take away her life again. Once such a thought had been realized, plans could have been gift underway to rescue her earlier enough before any gross injuries could be caused. However, the nurse needed to keep a close check when the psychiatrist was leaving so that the nurse could take over and watch over the patient and make sure she is not left alone in the bathroom (Austin, Bergium, & Goldberg, 2003). To prevent this injury that was caused to Judy, the nurse, instead of letting Judy take a bath on her own, could have assisted her to take a bath or could have stayed with her in the bathroom and then ensured that she was taken stake to her resting room safely where continuous monitoring was being done to her. From a legal perspective, the patient was under the control of this particular nurse, therefore the nurse was obligated to offer all the services that were duly

Financing Health Care In The US Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Financing health Care In The US - consideration Paper ExampleHealth damages squeeze out actually be availed through an employed singles employer or through the employers of either the spouse or parents, as applicable. Health insurance can also be purchased individually depending on ones capacity or financial berth, and the required scope and contents of health insurance coverage. The problem is eminently evident for those Americans who are unemployed and could not afford to purchase health insurance coverages. Further, those who are employed also opt to drop insurance coverages because of two reasons as proffered by Siegel, Mead and Burke (2008), to wit (1) the number of employers offering health insurance benefits to their violence (including beneficiaries) have significantly declined and (2) those employers who offer health insurance benefits have opted to require increasing amounts of employee participation in premium payments, which are deemed by employees as virtually un affordable. With increasing number of people who opt to lay off availment of health insurance coverages, more unemployed and employed people without health coverages opt to tap the governances health packages for Medi handle and Medicaid, thereby increasing the need for more financial resources to support and sustain the expenditures for this sector. Components of Health Care Sector Expenditures The paper written by Seshamani, Lambrew and Antos (2008), one of the most significant revelations was that the increasing toll in health care expenditure is accounted for by tax subsidies shouldered by the federal establishment from the health insurance premiums and related costs declared by employers. As indicated, the cost of tax exemptions from contributions do by employers and employees are... A more structured and plausible approach was recommended by Flier, who suggested that accurate and in effect(p) reforms could exclusively provide the needed solution to the health care dilem ma when the root causes are truly identified. In his article, the root causes were identified as the unjust employer-based tax advantaged system, restrictions and overregulated health insurance market, and the presence of both Medicare and Medicaid programs. In this regard, Flier recommended the following a restructuring of the tax shelter system to encourage increased players in the language of both health care and insurance to decrease the exorbitant health care costs and to prize and closely review the possibility of reforming both Medicare and Medicaid programs in terms of the kind and quality of expenditures, as well up as closer screening of the beneficiaries to determine alternative options for cost reduction and the use of cost effective interventions, in the long run. The objective of the essay to proffer relevant and critical issues pertinent to financing and the talking to of health care services in the U.S. was hereby accomplished through provision of the current sta tus of health care in the U.S. prior and by determining the significant components in health care expenditures that are the real culprits of the health care dilemma.The proposed measures to reform the health care system in the US using strategies and plans should encompass policies and regulations that have the ultimate welfare of the population in mind.

Manifesto of the Communist Party Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Manifesto of the Communist Party - Essay Examplesie from its extradite till now and answer reaction of the proletariat due to changed circumstances, as the time passed, brought about by industrial progress, bringing endpoint changes in perspectives, new values, new world communities, breaking local, state and national boundaries in the happening of unexampled industry. As the above passage is based on the Manifesto of the Communist Party, it is very important to go out the concepts of middle class and proletariat from their point of view. In a way, it is an example of human war against oppression of either kind only methods of fighting are different as the time changes.The frequent of communism haunts the satisfying of Europe. A blame game prevails in the corridors of political parties blaming each other, whether ruling or in opposition, of practicing communism. The scoop out way to know communism is through its manifesto, available in different European languages, so that this ghost disappears in the thin air.Since the existence of society, there have been only two classes the oppressors and the oppressed, whatever the profession. This class billet of society, earlier based on feudalism, is present now in new forms of bourgeoisie the oppressor and proletariat the oppressed. The elements of bourgeoisie were there in the slavery of the Middle Ages from which developed burghers. Later, with the passing of time, the industrial revolution changed the whole scenario, oblige feudal society to change with the times according to the needs of the industrial revolution worldwide, giving birth to a new industrial middle class. Manufacturing at large scale paved the way for a new class relation division of labor, new machines, steam, and ever-increasing industrial market gave birth to bigger merchandise units, resulting in industry millionaires the modern bourgeois. Thus, the modern bourgeois came into being after a series of revolutions in the ways of pr oduction and exchange of commerce goods by means

Characteristics of the Symbolist Movement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Characteristics of the symbolizer Movement - Essay ExampleThe symbolist art not totally associated itself with a main corpus of critical and theoretical writing, but also a poetry-oriented literary output. This brought to the highest degree a convergence of literature and art, developing a modus operandi for art movements around the world during the 20th century. The sort of art also led to the extinction of the old meanings by creating new networks of meanings that updated the myth and interpretation of origins. Symbolist art achieved this by fusing mythological and religious themes through such figures like Orpheus and Salome. Another character of the tendency was the militant anti-academicism achieved through secessionist organizations in 1890s, which coincided with liberalization of the system of exhibition. Symbolist art promoted the prevalence of spirits of the and so anti-modernism. This means that the style rejected naturalism, positivism, and rationalism, resulting to t he culmination of the 1910 art piece, The Oath against Modernism (130). The doctrine of idealism was the insertion pillar of the symbolist art style, thus much of the art and literature had association with the concepts of idealism and/or Satanism. Among the favorite topic of symbolist art were occultisms, decadence, love, sin, death, religious feelings.

Project management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

interpret management - Essay idealFirst an insight on projects and their use in contemporary organisations is provided, followed by an analysis of the influence of organisational tillage on project structure, teams and performance, ending with a summary and discussion on the topic.This is the shortest yet the most door-to-door definition of what a project is a one time event, with a beginning and an end, with quantitative and qualitative outcomes, comprised of many depended activities with a sole purpose of solving a problem (Meredith and Mantel 2010, PMI 2008).Projects are managed through a process defined by a project management methodology used on all projects to increase the likelihood of achieving project success, excellence and maturity (Kerzner 2009). A standardized definition of Project management comes from the PMBOK (PMI 2008, p.6) where it is defined as an application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities to meet the project requirements.As a relatively new discipline PM emerged from the post world wars defence methodologies applied in managing large-scale initiatives. At the beginning, what literature refers today as traditional projects, were stand-alone projects with dedicated resources and without larger consequences if the deadlines were not met (Taylor 2003). These projects were characteristic for the construction industry.From the 1980s onwards, the rapid development of IT and its rising penetration in the value grasp of organisations, increased the number IT projects and shortened the project look cycle (IT technology has a short life cycle), while the dependency of projects processes from the parent organisation increased. As a result the senior tools and techniques in managing traditional projects were found to be less efficient, even counterproductive and practitioners and researchers begun to recognise the growing splendor of introducing the systems approach in analysing and managing projects (Gardiner 2005, Taylor

Mousetrap dump truck and separation system project Essay

Mousetrap dump truck and separation system project - sample ExampleThe goal of the minor project is establishing innovation and creativity by using a lively way of problem solving. It aims at designing a dump truck truck used for transferee of loose material. A distinctive dump truck is characterised by an open-box bed hinged at the back, the front poop be lifted allowing deposition of the contents on the ground at the delivery site.The core concept of task two is to utilize energy of a mousetrap to make the device mobile for 5 metres in a straight line. The second section of the project is the separation box which is supposed to ramify the different sizes of the balls when hit. However, the description of the project is to utilize light, simple, flexible, inexpensive and available materials. There are various materials that the crowd used to design a lightweight truck model e.g. light carton, disks, BBQ sticks, light fishing line, bottleful tops, mouse trap, rubber band and small pieces of cloth hangers. In addition, the group used three materials in designing the separation box cartoon, BBQ sticks and wooden sticks. Tools involved glow gun, balloons and tape. In a nutshell, the project should represent innovation of a lightweight truck in the simplest way possible. The concept is to capture energy from a mouse trap to allow it to move for 5minutes along a straight path. The box holding the balls is strategically placed high above the body to allow the balls to drop in the separation box. Pieces of cloth hangers are used to improve flexibility.Initially, the project had three possible designs. Numerous factors had to be considered to adopt one as the final plan. Figure 4.1 shows the first design mouse trap car-the second design consisted of a bighearted coca cola bottle. Figure 4.2 is an illustration of the final design. Before settling for the design in prototype 4.2, several tests were directed to eradicate all flaws

Human sexuality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Human sexuality - Essay ExampleMuch of the literature avoids the issue of straight person anal sex as if it were an abnormal behavior, but studies are increasingly indicating that this is not the case and that anal sex may present a much greater risk for disease contagious disease than galore(postnominal) people realize. By looking at four recent studies into the special issues that confront heterosexual couples who need in anal sex, it will be understood why more studies and public education efforts mustiness be made if the spread of acquired immune deficiency syndrome is to be curtailed.Barry Schoub (1999) illustrates the various ways in which HIV is catching from one human being to another, highlighting the need for the virus to be transferred intravenously, i.e. through the bloodstream. The primary natural fluids in which the virus is transferred, though, are reported to be blood, vaginal fluid and semen (Schoub, 1999 92). In discussing the transmission types, particularl y as it applies to the virus in vaginal fluid and semen, Schoub highlights the presence of greater numbers of CD4 sense organ sites, which improve the chances of the HIV virus finding a new home in the uninfected partner. Because of this, he indicates transmission of the virus can occur after only one exposure with very minute secretions exchanged (Schoub, 1999). While a great deal of his study focuses on the susceptibility of the CD4 cells in the manly and female genitalia, Schoub also points to the problem of M-cells located in the rectum as these cells could be especially vulnerable to transmittal during such activities as anal sex (Schoub, 1999). This connection to anal sex brings several concerns to the forefront as this particular practice has been a rather taboo subject in most studies regarding the spread of AIDS and HIV.In Assessing the Role of Anal Intercourse in the Epidemiology of AIDS in Africa (2003), researchers Stuart Brody and John Potterat review make

Paul Tillich and His Theology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

capital of Minnesota Tillich and His Theology - Essay ExampleEven brief analysis of the political and cultural contexts that surrounded Tillich during his emotional state and career reveals how strongly those contexts affected his theological views.Born on August 20, 1886, in a short village called Starzeddel, Germany, Paul was introduced to religion early in life. His father was a Lutheran minister and his induce was brought up as a much liberal Calvinist. Paul received his Ph.D. from Breslau in 1911 and was ordained as a Lutheran minister, like his father, in 1912 (Pauck & Pauck, 1976). The period from Tillichs birth to the First World contend was the time when his theological system only started to develop. Born in the last quarter of the 19th century, Tillich fatigued his young years surrounded by the spirit and traditions of Romanticism, the dominant movement in the European purification of that period. The Romantic protest against the rationalization of nature, coupled wi th the stress on the emotional aspects of existence and, of course, confronting the sublimity of nature could non but affect the way Tillich perceived his relation to the surrounding world (Henderson, 1986).Tillichs perception of the world was devote to the severe test during the years of World War I. Tillich headed towarfared the front .filled with nationalistic fervor and even fervor over the opportunity to serve both God and country as a military chaplain (Henderson 1986, p. 143). However, the realities of war almost immediately undermined Tillichs belief in a nice God who would make everything form out for the best (Pauck & Pauck, 1976, p.40). One of his duties was to bury the dead and soon the young chaplain found himself spending more time digging graves than fulfilling his direct duties (Henderson, 1986).

Consumer Price Index Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Consumer scathe Index - Essay ExampleControlling inflation has been no doubt one of the most ambitious tasks faced by major economies of the world, mostly them being the third world economies. Another way of explaining the notion of inflation is that as it rises, each fussy unit or currency will be fitted to buy comparatively lesser quantity of goods as compared earlier.People often mix up the consumer expense index with inflation and consider both of them to be the same thing. However, to understand it in very frank words, the partageage change in CPI is what gives a figure for inflation in a particular economy.Measuring inflation is a difficult problem, however it is done by determining the price of a handbasket of goods from time to time. This basket of goods contains those goods which are mostly consumed by households. A price index is refractory this way which can be defined as the price of this basket of goods today and then so the movement is this price index gives the figure for inflation.Determining the values for the consumer price index, it can be conclude that during the course of previous 12 months the all item index rose by by tether percentage before any account was made for seasonal adjustments. Similarly the CPI witnessed a 1.5 percent increase in the previous year, 2010.Since the overall CPI is determined by movements in the price of the basket of good, one needs to consider how these individual items effect the overall price index. Energy prices witnessed a 6.6 percent increase in the current year which was a comparatively lower figure to 7.7 percent in the previous year. Similarly, the gasoline witnessed a 9.9 percent increase in the year 2011, compared to about 13.8 percent in the previous year, 2010. The household index on the other hand rose to 1.8%, being up from 0.8 percent in the previous calender year (Ball,

Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program Essay Example for Free

Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program EssayBy Gregg Keizer politeness of TechWeb News Even as spyware has become a dirty word and users have been bombarded with stories its pervasive,pernicious nature,criminals have dramatically expanded their distribution chhanels and infected and everyplacewhelming majority of enterprise PCs anti-spyware vendor webroot said tuesday as it trilled out its latest stats.The number of malicious sites hosting spyware has quadrupled sense the star of the year,siad Richard Stienon, Webroots director of treats research, and now number over 300,000 URLsOn average,enterprise PCs have 27 pieces of spyware on their hard drives,a 19 percent encrease in the last pull in alone,while a whopping 80 percent of corporate computer host at least on one instant of unwanted software,whether thats adware,spyware,or trojan horse. The actual maliciousness of it is increasing,said Stienon. theressimply more malicious activity per piece of spyware.Theyre not satisfied with making their seven cent a click by make full systems with adware now theyre focussing on identity theft,sometimes from within an organization spywares is being used by insiders,insane chew their employer or boss.ll.do the following instruction and write your answer on space provided1.Press Ctrl+AWhat happened? The all nomenclature that im typing is highlightened.2.be sure nothing is selected.using the muose,in the first paragraph,select or highlight with out losing the selection,hold the Ctrl rouge and highlight the early(a) spywarewords on the first paragraph. What happened?3.Position the cursor at the very start of a paragraph.hold the Ctrl+shift key then press the right arrow key 3 or more times. What happened?4.position the cursor anyplace in the first paragraph.hold the shift key and click anywhere in the 3 paragraph. What happened?5.position the cursor anywhere in the first paragraph.hold the shift key and click on arrow key 3 or more times. What happened?

Theories of counseling and psychotherapy Essay Example for Free

Theories of counseling and psychotherapy sample1.1 Defining the Core Constructs of Adlerian Therapy.When Gina says she is determined, Dr. Carlson asks her where her determination is directed. What is his mark?Gina responds with happiness. Her own and her two boys. His intent is to get her to focus on the good and the progress made. He trying to scaffold the sessions questioning to determine more information and to crusade client ego aw atomic number 18ness. His intent is as well for her to see the goal setting nature she intern everyy is projecting. He is demonstrating a life way of life assessment and the ability for one to control where they want or see themselves. The use of open terminate questions allow Gina to elaborate to gather more information.Why would Dr. Carlson eviscerate Ginas motivations back to her parents?Dr. Carlson is following Adlerians theory that our future choices are driven by past experiences. By tying Ginas motivations to her parents he is to sh owing her future behavior decisions were molded by mother and fix through actions that she witnessed as a child.What basic life tasks does Gina describe in this footage?Gina describes the life tasks of occupation,love and social interests. Happiness,eventually a committed relationship and that her boys grow up to be blessed and make good choices. Gina is demonstrating achievement of HIs intent is to scaffold the sessions questioning to determine more information and to promote client self awareness. He is as well as trying to activating the goal setting nature she internally is projecting. He is demonstrating a life style assessment and the ability for one to control where they want or see themselves. The use of open ended questions allow Gina to elaborate to gather more information.,competence and mastery. Theses are three of the lifestyle components Alder speaks intimately in his theory.1.2 Conceptualizing Clients Using Adlers Holistic ApproachDr. Carlson identifies patterns i n Ginas early recollections. What do these patterns tell us about Ginas private logic? Ginas private logic depends on what she viewed in her surroundings that she remembered. The lifestyle she was undecided to allowed her to develop her own compass to live by. It is hard to remember for her but Gina realized she had been doing issues for herself to make herself happy rather than anyone else. Such as her obtaining the top ten in her class.Dr. Carlson suggests that Gina is almost selfish to a fault. What component part does selfishness play in wellness and pathology, according to Adler? According to Alder, organism selfish in regards to wellness and pathology, is natural. We are to become a contributing part of a larger social system. Gina is adapting to basically meet her require and the needs she thinks are qualities of a good parent. Her feeling that is her responsibility to raise her children and a home is all on her and not letting her husband help is not really a good thing but a coping mechanism she has developed to handle situations.1.3 Assessment and Treatment in Adlerian possible actionIn his clip, Dr. Carlson focuses on Ginas early recollections. What important assessment information is he want through his questions?Dr Carlson is seeking through his questioning the understanding of her lifestyles and how she viewed the world through asking her to elicit her memories of her siblings. He can in any brass be trying to get a view of the family dynamic through using these types of questions.What elements of the treatment subroutine can you identify in this clip? I can identify phase two, lifestyle assessment as a child, understanding of the person and the problem. Family constellation,birth order and earliest recollections priorities and ways of behaving are indicators of this phase.1.4 Adlerian Therapeutic Techniques (Written case study)In what ways might an Adlerian therapist ask Steve to Act As If? AnAdlerian therapistss may as Steve to Act as if as followsOpen questioningPurposeful questioningBy using questions being with what and how a counselor can elicit a response leading toward understanding or self awareness,self motivation and a level of self disclosure.ReferencesSeligman, L., Reichenberg, L. W. (2014). Theories of counseling and psychotherapy Systems, strategies, and skills / Linda Seligman, late professor emeritus, George Mason University, Lourie W. Reichenberg, pass professional counselor, Falls Church, Virginia.

The Automobile Sector Essay Example for Free

The elevator car Sector EssayThe cable carmobiles welkin is divided into four plane sections two-wheelers (mopeds, scooters, motorcycles, electric two-wheelers), passenger vehicles (passenger gondolas, utility vehicles, multi-purpose vehicles), commercial vehicles (light and medium-heavy vehicles), and three wheelers (passenger carriers and good carriers). The industry is iness of the key drivers of economic increase of the nation. Since the delicensing of the sector in 1991 and the subsequent opening up of 100 sh be FDI through automatic route, Indian auto sector has come a long way. Today, almost both global auto major has set up facilities in the country. The world standings for the Indian railcar sector, as per the Confederation of Indian Industry, atomic number 18 as follows * Largest three-wheeler market * Second largest two-wheeler market * Tenth largest passenger car market * Fourth largest tractor market * Fifth largest commercial vehicle market * Fifth lar gest bus and truck segment The auto sector reported a robust growth rate of 26 shareage in the last two age (2010-2012). The BSE AUTO Index outperformed the benchmark Nifty by 79%, 12% and 19% in FY10, FY11 and FY12, respectively. However, the sector has shown a sluggish growth of 12 percent in 2012.The trend is handlely to stay with a 10 percent growth outlined for 2013 citing highschool ownership costs (fuel costs, cost of registration, excise duty, road tax) and slow rural income growth. Solid but timid growth is expected over the next few years. However, from a long-term perspective, rising incomes, improved affordability and untapped markets present promising opportunities for automobile manufactures in India. According to Macquaire equities research, sale of passenger vehicles is expected to double in the next four years and growth anticipated is higher than the 16 percent achieved in the prehistoric 10 years.Two-wheeler vehicle segment is expected to show slow growth of 10 percent CAGR over the period of 2012-2016, suggests the report. The presidency recognizes the impact of the sector on the nations economy, and consequently, the Automotive Mission intend 2016 launched by it seeks to grow the industry to a size of US $145bn by 2016 and make it contribute 10 percent to the nations GDP. The ICRA analysis of the Indian market projects heavy growth for competitively priced sports-utility-vehicles or SUVs and two wheelers.A deed of major global brands like Honda, Suzuki, General Motors and Hyundai have launched their products in the SUV segment of the Indian automobile market. An average of 11. 5% growth in the two-wheelers gross sales in 2004-2007 has kept a number of global companies interested in this segment as well. The market has been moreover bolstered by a healthy rise in the sales of heavy commercial vehicles, and the front man of a strong auto component industry that direct ranks 2nd in the world. One of the best things to happen fo r the Indian automobile market in the recent years was its telling improvement in the export sector.There was a 56% growth in exports from 2003 to 2004. Although economy cars continue to hold the lions share of the export market, vehicles worth more than USD 1 billion were too exported in 2004, for the first time in history. This increasing demand for Indian cars on the foreign shores has helped the countrys automobile industry in two significant ways. First, it has decidedly contributed to the economic growth of the industry. Secondly, it has helped to improve the image of the Indian manufacturing infrastructure at a global level.This increased confidence has resulted in more and more foreign brands opening manufacturing units in India, directly contributing to economy and employment. With a number of foreign brands joining ranks with the domestic manufacturers, the Indian consumer is now flooded with choice. An average Indian can now select from a wide shop of Indian and foreign products. Some of the major Indian p beaters are Maruti Udyog, Tata Motors, Mahindra, Ashok Leyland, Hero Honda and Bajaj. Toyota, GM Honda, Daimler Chrysler, Ford, Volvo and Hyundai Suzuki are the key international players in the Indian Automobile market.However, despite the presence of foreign brands, the domestic companies are still the biggest players. Maruti Udyog and Tata vehicles share the top honors for passenger and commercial vehicles respectively. The Indian automobile industry is now riding high on success, and the bright picture does tend to obscure the problems and challenges that lay on the track of its growth. Poor road conditions, heavy pollution and large scale traffic tie in accidents are serious impediments in the way of the industrys growth.However, steps are being initiated by the government to hatch these problems at various levels, and solutions are being worked out at a steady pace. Indian Automobile Industry SWOT Analysis Job opportunities in automobile sector The economy is booming and salaries are zooming. With an increase in purchasing power of people in our country, Indias automobile industry has become one of the fastest-growing in the world right now. With more disposable income and affordable cars like Nano hitting the road, car sales have touched new heights. To capitalise on this opportunity, many foreign companies are expanding their operations in India.It is for this reasons that there are plenty of job openings in automobile industry. For the right candidates, the salary is big. Jobs are purchasable across almost all fields engineering, research and development, finance, human resources, and information technology. According to the Confederation of Indian Industry, auto sector currently employs 787, 7702 people, 58 percent of who are in the passenger car segment. However, there is an increasing demand for skilled professionals in the domain of effective service delivery, spares management and support functions.ITIs a nd Polytechnics take into account 530,000 graduates every year, but there is an urgent need for updating courses to keep up with changing trends in technology, manufacturing, and processes. 2 most popular career options for MBA (at top level) in automobile industry- Marketing Head How is BMW antithetical from Toyota? A marketing head is responsible for building the brand of the company. He has to position the companys brand, promote it at both domestic and international level, then see its performance in the market vis-a-vis another(prenominal) competitors.Qualifications MBA with specialisation in Marketing and minimum work experience of 10 years. Expected Pay Salaries range from Rs 800,000 rupees to Rs 5 million ($111,000). Some major multinational companies pay as much as 10 million rupees ($224,000). Financial Analyst A financial analyst plays a key role in preparing the companys business plans, and is involved in the vehicles pricing and suggesting ways to reduce cost of prod uction. He allow also evaluate the progress of the product and reports its financial performance. He will also keep a chit on the performance of competitors products.Qualifications Companies typically look for candidates with a post-graduate degree in commerce, or masters in business administration with a major in finance. At least an experience of 15 years is required. Expected Pay According to a report in Wall Street Journal, the salary of a financial analyst ranges from $67,000 to $156,000. Upcoming trends India is emerging as a strong automotive RD hub with foreign players like Hyundai, Suzuki, General Motors setting up base in India. This move is further enhanced by Governments support towards setting up centres for development and innovation.Tata Nanos successful entry in the Indian market has steamed up the opportunities of growth available in alternative segments like electric cars, vehicles secede on natural gas, etc. Factors that will drive growth in the sector * Rising incomes among Indian population will lead to increased affordability, increasing domestic demand for vehicles, especially in the pocket-sized car segment. * Fuel economy and demand for greater fuel efficiency is a major component part that affects consumer purchase decision that will bring leading companies across two-wheeler and four-wheeler segment to focus on delivering performance-oriented products.* Product innovation and market segmentation will channelize growth. Vehicles based on alternative fuels will be an area of interest for both consumers and auto makers. * Focus on establishing India as auto-manufacturing hub is reigning in policy support in form of Governments technology modernisation fund. * Industry will seek to augment sales by tapping into rural markets, youth, women and luxury segments.

Achievements and Complaints of India Today Group Essay Example for Free

Achievements and Complaints of India at present Group stressOperating for 36 years now, the company has consistently maintained incomparable goodwill and rapport in the market. The India Today Group continues to be the best and has steadily bagged major awards and notched up achievements over the years, some(prenominal)(prenominal) of which are * Its news channel Aaj Tak won the Indian Telly Award for Best Hindi countersign Channel for the 10th consecutive year in 2010. * The Editor-in-Chief of Aaj Tak, Prabhu Chawla, won the Best News and Current personal matters Anchor Award at the Indian Telly Awards 2009. * The India Today Group publishes the world-wide magazine in India and has been featuring awards for Fun and Fearless Male and Female of the Year since 2002. * Cosmopolitan also showcases awards for the Best Bachelor of the Year. * Cosmopolitan further promoted the Practice Safe Sun campaign that fights against skin cancer * The India Today Group organizes several eve nts like the India Today Conclave and ACUMEN, which deals with some of the major issues and businesses in the country. * The Vasant Valley School was started by the India Today Group to encourage education for all in the country.CONTROVERSIES AND COMPLAINTSIn the recorded conversations between Nira Radia and prominent figures, referred to as the Radia Tapes, several prominent figures are heard in conversation with Radia amongst them were Prabhu Chawla, editor of India Today magazine and Shankar Aiyar, whence with India Today Group .ONLINE CHEATING AND SCAM BY BAGITTODAY an INDIA TODAY Group The company, bagittoday,an india today group company,known in ecommrce as living media india ltd cheated many people by not giving them promised service, gifts and evn asking the people for tarradiddle nos with passwords . They realise payments through credit card/Online banking and do not send the material.October 14 was a good-for-nothing day for Union Law Minister Salman Khurshid and the In dia Today group, which owns a number of print journals and TV channels, says B Raman A non-governmental humanitarian trust for assisting physically disadvantaged people with which Khurshids wife Louise is reportedly associated has been the target of allegations of wrongful use of funds amounting to approximately Rs 80 lakh sanctioned by the government for humanitarian relief.A Hindi TV channel of the India Today group and the India Against Corruption group headed by Arvind Kejriwal, a non-governmental activist, moderate been spearheading the campaign against Khurshid on these allegations against the humanitarian trust. The two campaigns have been trying to project themselves as separate from to each one other without any orchestrated co-ordination, but an undeclared, but evident convergence of objective between the two is discernible to any objective observer. That objective is to exploit the suspected misuse of the funds to cause commonplace discomfiture to Khurshid.

Economic Practice Coursework Essay Example for Free

Economic Practice Coursework EssayMy choice of article is the unmatched relating to the crude crisis in Libya, and how it affects the economy of other countries. The article discusses the shams of the oil cut of Libya, put uping it no more. It starts bump off by talking about the impact on shares and the price of oil barrels, which is the fastest and direct impact of the oil cut.As turn in from Libya territory stops, supply to the entire world is crippled, as Libya is one of the countries that supply most worldwide used oil. As it stops supplying, it shifts the supply and demand graphs completely. In a neat term, supply shifts to the left, as it is less. In doing so, for the same amount of oil, the price has gone to a higher figure. By doing that, the shares index of the western countries, such as European countries and the US have dropped, because of the adjustment via disposable income.That happens because of the effects of the shifting of the supply curve. As the pric e goes higher, the general public have less money to pop off on the economy and firms, decreasing the firms profit, damaging that countries economy. Thats the reason for the index to go down, and thats an example of mid-term effects of the oil crisis. In the midterm effect, the demand for oil allow for decrease, as people will cut O.K. on the oil, and look for alternative routes.On the long term, the demand for the autos will decrease, as people will not want to buy cars, and try to sell their cars. This will affect the economy drastically, as the car companies are a big part of that countries economy. The general public will reckon for alternative routes to travel, as oil prices are higher. The car companies will have to spend oftentimes more money on researching alternatives such as hybrids and electric cars which are starting to appear.The public transport system will turn a profit from this situation, as more people would want to travel via train or bus, as it is much che aper and faster. The regimen would get more money from this, so it would improve as much. The oil companies would want to drill and search for oil in more remote areas, causing more deforestation, and much more money outgo by the companies and time. Thus some small oil companies will be closed down delinquent to the high demand of oil, as they cant compete with the oil monopolies.The oil monopolies will also be abnormal, as some major companies oil supply relies a lot on Libyas supply. Regarding the oil companies, they had to comforter out staff from troubled countries, not only Libya, but other countries that are getting affected by that state, and are choosing to cut off supply as well, such as Saudi Arabia and Kuwait. As they do this, the productivity drops to zero in those countries, and there is a high chance of the companies losing contact with their oil.The turmoil in Libya may affect the Saudi Arabia, and that concern is affecting a huge majority of deport holders and companies, specified before, changing the stock markets, especially the European and Asia. Relating to airlines, as the supply and demand graphs change, the oil supply for airplanes gets crippled, so more money has to be spent to get the same amount of oil, making the cost bigger, resulting in a bigger price for the customer for the same flight compared to before the whole situation. in that location is also a chance of investors backing out from the airline business, resulting in smaller profits for the companies and much more monetary issues.

Daoism and Confucnaism Notes Essay Example for Free

Daoism and Confucnaism Notes EssayDaoism is the Pinyin transliteration Taoism was the earlier Wade-Giles transcription of the same word.The sacred rituals argon called li. They are natural because the ancestors will help their descendents, if treated with proper respect, or cause trouble if ignored.They beleive in nature inspirit such as plants, animals, rivers, stones, mountains, stars, all parts of the natural world are vitalized by cosmic get-up-and-go personified and honored as deities.Shangdi (Shang Ti) is the Lord-on-High, ruler of the universe, the supreme ancestor of the Chinese. He was a spiritual being. Deities governing aspects of the valet de chambrekind and the local enviroment are subordinate to him. This deity is conceived as masculine and closely involved in human affairs, but not a creator God.qi (chi) is a belief that the cosmos is a reflexion of an impersonal sel generating energy which is called qi. This force has two aspects whose interplay causes the ever changing phenomena of the Universe. Yin is the dark, receptive, female aspect Yang is the bright, assertive, male aspect. Wisdon lies in recognizing their ever shifting but regular and balanced, patterns and moving with them. This creative rhtym of the universe is called the Dao (Tao) or way.Yijing ( I Ching) or the Book pf Changes it is a common source for both Daoism and Confucianism and is regarded as a classic text in both traditions. The more mystically religious ways, which are collectively called Daoism, and the more political and moral ways, which are known as Confucianism. Like yin and yang, they interpenetrate and complement each other, and are themselves evolving dynamically.

Outsourcing in America Essay Example for Free

Outsourcing in America Essay1. IntroductionIn business, in order to provide function or bewray products at competitive rate, corporations are to cut unnecessary costs or to focus on pump competences in order to reduce the number of human resources and associated costs.Concerning the need to reduce costs coupled with the rasping competition in business, currently, enterprises are striving for finding the best solutions to increase revenue while care costs as low as possible. While the matured technology can help enterprises to pop off economy of scale, protrudesourcing of employees (human resources) can be the savior for companies to keep their fixed costs that incurred from employment and research to go by minimum level. Fortunately, in the Inter terminate era where any documentations process can be sent out over the inter boodle and job can be conducted via e-mail or instant messaging, outsourcing-typed employment imitate have proved to promote significant savings. Conc erning the issue, this paper discusses benefits and impacts of outsourcing in the U.S.2. OutsourcingGovernment Accountability Office (GAO) says that Outsourcing of services refers to an organizations purchase from other countries of services that it previously produced or purchased domestically, such as package programming or telephone call center (US Embassy, 2004). Just like other business schemes, outsourcing likewise gives us advantages and disadvantages as following2.1. Advantages of Outsourcing to U.S. EconomyIn the U.S., the cost of labor has increased significantly. The situation has control American enterprises, especially ones in information technology segments, to outsource the software development to a development country like India. The reasons are obvious that the labor cost in India is much cheaper.It makes sense since in todays economy, companies need to maintain a cost structure that is globally competitive accustomed that requirement, we can easily guess how b usinesses will react. Ultimately, free market competition is the ruler of the day, and, while governments whitethorn introduce barriers that influence individual situations, there will be no stopping the offshore outsourcing trend.Moreover, McKinsey Co predicts that the Internet-enabled services (ITES) market is likely to touch $142 billion in 2009. There would be a net saving accounting for $390 billion from current cost of $532 billion for these services (Kurian, 2003). U.S. can fulfill the net saving through off shoring to other country like India.3. Impacts of OutsourcingWhile such undreamt of saving might be the concerns of American enterprises, Nasscom quoted Michel Janssen, founder and President, Everest Group, that there is possibility that outsourcing have closed carnal knowledge to the loss of jobs in the US.Some private researchers predict that outsourcing may eliminate 100,000 to 500,000 IT (information technology) jobs within the next fewer years, while others note that outsourcing can also generate benefits, such as lower prices, productivity improvements, and boilers suit economic growth.Concerning the situation, Jackson (2005) sees that the outsourcing may lead to increasing import to the U.S. This makes sense while foreign investiture is displacing jobs and domestic production, there are possibilities that foreign affiliates increase imports to U.S. parent caller.In addition, media and the public reveal that outsourcing leads to worsened services or products. With the increasing trend to use outsourcing in some of the core functions of a company (like customer service and hospital staffs), reports about inferior quality caused by outsourcing agreement are festering in number (Dookril, 2004).

Coldplay Essay Example for Free

Coldplay EssayBritish alternative rock muckle formed in 1996 by lead vocalist Chris Martin and lead guitarist Jonny Buckland at University College London. 3 After forming Pectoralz, Guy Berryman joined the group as a bassist and they changed their name to Starfish. 4 Will Champion joined as a drummer, backing vocalist, and multi-instrumentalist, completing the line-up. theatre director Phil Harvey is often considered an unofficial fifth member. 5 The band renamed themselves Coldplay in 1998,6 before recording and releasing three EPs base hit in 1998, Brothers Sisters as a hit in 1999 and The Blue Room in the same year. The latter(prenominal) was their first release on a major label, after signing to Parlophone. 7 They achieved worldwide fame with the release of the single Yellow in 2000, followed by their debut album released in the same year, Parachutes, which was nominated for the Mercury Prize. The bands arcminute album, A Rush of Blood to the Head (2002), was released t o favourable reviews and won multiple awards, including NMEs Album of the Year, and has been widely considered the shell of the Nelson-produced Coldplay albums. Their next release, XY, the best-selling album worldwide in 2005, was initially met with mixed reviews upon its release.However, the bands fourth studio album, oral exam la Vida or Death and All His Friends (2008), was produced by Brian Eno and released again to largely favourable reviews, earning several Grammy nominations and wins at the 51st Grammy Awards. 8 In August 2011, they announced that a fifth studio album, titled Mylo Xyloto, would be released on October 24, 2011. The band has won a number of music awards throughout their career, including six Brit Awards winning Best British Group three times, four MTV Video Music Awards, and seven Grammy Awards from twenty nominations.

Case Analysis - Allied Electronics Essay Example for Free

Case Analysis Allied Electronics EssayRobert breadbasket, second-generation Chief executive (CE) of family- sustained Allied Electronics Corporation Ltd, considered the pros and cons of more clearly linking the firms honorarium system to sustainability executing. In June 2011, Altron, a multinational headquartered in Johannesburg, South Africa, control conduct more than 200 companies in Africa, Europe, the US, the UK, Australia, and the Far East. More than 14,000 employees designed, acquireed, manufactured, and groceryed a range of telecommunications, electronics, power electronics, and info technology systems and products. Having made a clear commitment to sustain qualified development, abdominal cavity was confident that the commitment was overlap across the senior management team. However, there appe bed to be a higher acceptance in the operational units for meeting financial tar bestows than for meeting sustainability targets.There was a clear difference between V enter and his predecessor, Dr. Venter. Dr. Venter adopted a value-based culture in the caller, ensuring that the mission and vision of the company were followed and reviewed after every year. The codes of morality were maintained and that the company responded quickly to changing external forces and trends. Dr. Venter was mostly the sole ending manufacturer at that time and whatever his decision was, was accepted by the organization. At the time Dr. Venter was in charge of the company, it was mostly bottom-line drive commissioning mostly on profits. No doubt that with the family oriented approach path that Dr. Venter had and the sole responsibility that he had undertaken for all decision making made the company billow to tonic heights.But with the global qualifys in the corporate world took place and the style corporations did business shifted, a change was needed to handle this change. This was the perfect time that Robert Venter took over the company. He differed from hi s father in many ways, the biggest being he concentrated more on sustainable development. He believed that the company should be more transp arnt and every singles views mattered. He created a more participative decision-making routine that involved a process by which the idea would float and if the ideas clicked on each level of the process, it would be use. This not nevertheless appoint employees, but lead to more ideas being generated.Carbon FootingEven though Venter cerebrate more on the sustainability goals of the company, most of the senior managers were still rivet on the financial bottom line. With the in the raw process for feeding new idea to the company, Johnston came up with a business case for a vitamin C footprinting concept. The main idea of this concept was to link the end-goal of a sustainable goal with a tangible success. Johnston set-up to develop a case on the shift from bottom line to sustainable goals and how they were suppose to implement this. The si deline considerations and steps were performed* Why they needed the change* Culture of the organization* Risks facing the change* Whether they had the proper systems and the social organisation for the change * How they would bring more or less the change in the organization and how to educate the employees about the change The deoxycytidine monophosphate footprinting brought a change for the greater groovy in the company, the reporting system became more transparent and be and reports were being shared and used in different decision making processes. This led to transgress decision making and found out where the company lacked how proper steps could be followed to make the company having a better standing in its operations.This system also led the company to incorporate broad-based black economical empowerment, which gave a good image to the company in the eyes of the public as well as the government. A remuneration curriculum was drawn up which was based on disclose perf orming indicators, this was coupled to the annual performance bonuses. After the success of the carbon footprinting across Altron, it was evident that if a proper research, methodological analysis and the respective steps were followed they could bring about a change in the organization and change its structure, the way they did their work and better efficiency in their operations.King III and the How Altron embraced changeWith the new legal requirement, know as King III, in South Africa required organizations to publish their integrated reports, Altron had an edge on its contestation since it had already started publishing its report a year before the legal requirement. As mentioned in the case, Venter, all-authoritative(prenominal) executive of Altron, find this to be satisfying since it set up the company in a proactive position. Altron was able to adapt with the new legal requirement faster than the other companies. This adaptation to the evolving reporting environment led Altron to watch up with a new, better and a more integrated corporate outline. There was an development in the strategic themes from 8 before the new reporting system to 11 with the implementation of the new reporting system. Even though most of the strategic themes of the company were the same, they were now looked upon with a broader perspective. Along with the 8 existing themes revitalized and broadened, three important themes were added which were essential for the growth and sustainability of the company. These themes include* Human capital* environment* Corporate governanceVenter believed these new themes were critical for future sustainability of the organization. All three themes were essential to enforce the company an edge on the competition as well as show the public the greener, environmental friendly and public friendly the company was. If these three factors were incorporated properly in the company dodging it would lead the company to new heights in the eyes of the employees and the public. With the new strategy that was being implemented in Altron, a lot of different changes were to be made and Altron faced different challenges in conception the new corporate strategy keeping in mind the 11 new strategic themes. Also, they had to find up with a payment policy aligned with the strategy of the company based with the individual performance of the employee. There were mixed reviews about the change in the compensation policy of the company, some employees were reluctant to the change of the already existing compensation policy while others were questioning the existing policy and looking fore over victorious to the change.Embracing ChangeAs mentioned in the case, the King III regulation was an opportunity for Altron to rethink its strategy and closely incorporate sustainability into its strategy, something that Venter had wanted since he had be coiffe the CE of the company. Yet again, Johnston steeped up to the travail to come up with a c ase that would allow the company to embed sustainability into the companys strategy. For this subprogram he assembled a team and carried a research on the different aspects that are already mentioned in the higher up section (why they needed change, risk involved in the change, manpower and organizational culture etc.). Altron was one of the first companies to start the integrated reporting and the following quote explains why Venter thought it was important for them to do so Integrated reporting focuses management and others on looking forward rather than only backwards, which has historically been the case with most reporting.It creates a complete and accurate picture of the company. Not necessarily more detail, but greater insight into the strategy, risks and value creation of a company. Robert Venter (Reference http//www.kpmg.de/docs/20110912_Integrated_Reporting.pdf). As the quote above explains that the research led Johnston and Venter to identify various risks, value creat ion factors and the strategy that is being used. It put everything Altron was doing in perspective and evaluated where the company stood, locally and globally. After the evaluation of the research and the decision to broaden their strategic themes, to embed sustainability into their strategy, they came up with the 11 new strategic themes. Not only that but they also * delineate targets* Timeframe, for every task to be done and operations to take place * The measure of performance of an employee that was going to take place on the basis of the 11 strategic themesAn analysis of the Compensation StrategyWith the changes taking place and sustainability being im throwted into the strategic goals of the company, Venter was uncertain about the incentive structure and what word form of message it would send about the sustainability-oriented corporate strategy that they had come up with. With the already existing compensation plan focusing on rewarding consistent long term individual, it d rove employees energies and activities towards key business goals, creating a competitive and a challenging work environment. This also led to the alignment of shareholders spare-time activity with the* Operational requirement* Strategic direction* Business-specific value drivers of the employees5 compensation policies were introduced in Altron that focused on* Attracting talent* Motivating employees* Rewarding employees on their work* And retaining the high-caliber sightThe 5 policies that Altron came up with were supposed to be transparent and were to link the compensation plan with the sustainability of the company. These 5 policies were explained in details so that employees and managers to sure about the factors they had to follow in order to get a high compensation in a year. Although the compensation plan was a good one, there were a lot of managers and employees that were not happy with this new plan which led Venter to ponder on the effectiveness of the compensation plan with the new sustainability approach the company had took. AnalysisWith the company being a market leader and one of the most successful and extremely respected companies in South Africa, this new change from focusing on bottom-line to sustainable growth was an important because of the developing markets around the world and the increasing competition. Altron had the right attitude and the right pace to maintain the market leader status because of the efficiency in their work pattern and them doing work according to the rules and regulations that they had come up with. Not only that, but Altron considered both the internal and external factors before bringing forward a new idea or a change. With the new change that was being implemented and the broadening of the strategic themes of the company, Venter had to consider the sustainability drivers and how they were going to implement that change.In the case the highlight is on the compensation plan of the employees and the managers, th is maybe because Venter feels that one of the biggest assets the company has is its employees. No doubt in the market that companies exist in there are very minute difference in products and services and it all comes down to the people that work for the company create a difference between one company to the other. In our view, the better the more motivated the employees are the better they would perform and bring forth and change in the company. Venter believed that the employees working for Altron were going to bring a change in the strategy of the company due to which he had to align the compensation plan with the new strategic themes they had come up with. These compensation policies that he had come up with had different criterias that an employee or a manager had to fulfill in order to get a good bonus. This involved individual performance and the performance of a certain department.Even though these policies were carved wonderfully, there were employees and managers that were not happy with them. Statistics from exhibits show that even though the company was maintaining a good financial position, employee turnover had increased. This could result in a problem for Altron. With the 11 new strategic themes focused on different areas, Altron realized the importance of having strategic themes for the employees and the nodes. Overall we think that these policies were necessary and would bring a change in the working environment of the company and help people work efficiently in order to get a bonus. Although employees were reluctant to the change there were some pros and cons in the policies* Adopted a total cost of employment policy. * Performance evaluation of employees twice a year, which would lead to detecting problems before and whether the goals of the company were being met or not. * Feedback to the employees, which is essential in the growth of the company and the employee. * Aligning interests of the employees and managers with the interests of the company and the station holders. * The 70/30 ratio for the financial and non financial KPIs was a bit high. * The performance evaluation and multitude evaluation at an 80/20 rate, respectively, as high as well. * Recommendation and ConclusionAlthough we are in favor of the new policies being implemented because they take in account all the aspects that are needed for the company to grow and different evaluation techniques that should be used in order to come up with the compensation and bonuses that the employees should get, we recommend that The financial and nonfinancial KPI ratio is lowered, so that people dont only worry about the financial outcome of the task they perform but also focus on the nonfinancial work they do. In fact there would be departments such as the customer complaint department, which would not know how their financial outcome would be determined since there suppose to act with the customers rather than increase the sales or make profits.Each department s hould be given their own set of KPIs that would be used to evaluate their performance. One of the biggest concerns we have is the 80/20 ratio that Altron is view of incorporating. This would mean that employees would rather work on their own than work with each other. Department synergy would be destroyed because everyone would rather work to get a better evaluation that his colleague. This ratio should be unbroken at 50-50 because with the new integrated report system Altron is using it is very important for departments and employees to work unitedly rather than just focus on their individual performance.

Labor markets Essay Example for Free

Labor markets Essay dispirited wages in developing countries has prompted textile-manufacturers to migrate their operations from high wage countries. High wage countries who ar also often more developed have also benefited by better product prices and the victimisation of their labor markets to become specialized and technical. However, this has also severely reduced the number of jobs available particularly for consummate labor markets. Palley (2006) reflects that an amplification of such a scenario results in high wage markets to lose buying business office and labor surplus will shift power from workers to the extent of overwhelm workers welf be. Another issue that has gained advert is the issue of labor exploitation. Seyoum (2007) believes that in the rush to establish transnational operations by companies in first wage developing countries and the eagerness of the se countries for businesses to boost the economy, the issue of welfare, working conditions and labor issue s was not fully addressed. The inclusion of labor regulations in international clientele agreements can address the issues effectively but on that point are operative challenges in enforcing and monitoring work standards within and across trade agreements.The liberalization of trade has allowed for greater opportunities in importing and exporting. It has increased product options, supply and distribution channels as headspring as skills that can be utilized to create and market products. However, this has also created greater challenges for retailers since more products are available creating the possibility of price wars and shifting power to buyers. Therefore, retail marketers have to devote greater military campaign in establishing product differentiation and loyalty.Despite the gravity of the issue, Palley (2006) points out that the general public has no significant opinion regarding where their clothes are manufactured that influences their buying habits. However, this do es not mean that they have no sensation of the issues that involve transnational manufacturing, importing, exporting and labor issues. A survey of opinions suggested that a significant number of populate have concerns about the impact to labor markets rather on the clothing product itself price trunk to a primary motivation.Many suggest that existing trends and issues are part of the adjustments necessary in establishing globalization.ReferencesSeyoum, secure (2007). Trade liberalization and patterns of strategic adjustment in the US textiles and clothing industry. International Business Review, ledger 16, Issue 1, February. pp 109-135 Palley, Thomas I. (2006). Thinking Outside the Box about Trade, Development, and Poverty Reduction. Economics For Democratic And founder Societies, Project, Policy Paper 1. Washington DC Economics for Democratic and Open Societies Project.

Impact of New Media on Civil and International Conflict

Impact of New Media on Civil and world massive contradictIntroductionIn this essay I am going to elaborate on the case that the media interpret on civil and international conflict in todays world. I will take over with a brief introduction of war and its causes and effects, the powers that the media run fors and the impact of their coverage before, during and perhaps after the conflict.War as we know is characterised by extreme violence and violence goes with the destruction of tribe, human societies ar deeply modify by wars as residential areas, public infrastructures, hospitals and the rattling basis of human existence are destroyed. culture is completely denied the youth, no hope and aspirations for the future. Crops for livelihood will be completely destroyed and causes stagnation whole over the place, no economic development, and no access to basic needs. Suffering lingers, poverty and backwardness die the peoples heritage.The last two decades rush witnessed a lo t of conflicts that are mainly rule by civil wars which are classified advertisement armed conflict, very deadly and devastating takes place betwixt the people in the same country, and these countries are usually experiencing sectarian or governmental transitions/changes, because it (democracy) is sweeping crosswise the countries of the world today. And as nature will entertain it, such(prenominal) changes must not come without adversary and violence.When these wars occur the media is used as a tool. The mass media is the platform by dint of which the people receive nurture. This instruction can be transmitted either through radio, idiot box fullcasting, newspapers/magazines, internet or mobile names. This makes the media very powerful and influential. Because of its ability to inform the entire population at the same time could get downstairs ones skin a positive or negative result.The medias affair in spreading incorrect information or hostile propaganda becomes an issue of great significance. For the fact that these wars often occur in remote areas and have change histories, the international communitys view of them will depend to a large extent on how journalists certify and explain the conflict. On the new(prenominal) hand some of the deadliest conflicts receive little or no publicity in the global media. An example was the Sierra Leone war which received little mention globally (Hamburg, Vance, 1997) a number of examples in the 1990s suggest that the impact of media reporting may generate political action.Michael Beschloss wrote in 1993 that the war in Bosnia was only the latest example of an overseas crisis in which hunting television pictures arouse the American people to demand their government do something.(Rotberg, Weiss, 1996) also in the late mid-eighties before the Bosnia war there was famine in Somalia that killed a lot of people through famishment that led to the decision of the United States to launch Operation Restore Hop e. It was the presence of media and their reporting clearly the rightful(a) situation at hand that make it politically difficult for the government not to intervene to cede the situation. The presence or absence of media attention may mean life or death for alter populations.Accuracy is one of the most important concerns about media reports, this is specially important when distance and time limitations are involved so as to subdue delays before the situation gets out of hand.The role mass media play in todays conflicts around the world is very important. This role can be classified into two different categories. The media could takeAn active part in the conflict and has responsibility for growingd violence,Or stay fencesitter and out of the conflict, thereby contributing to the resolution of conflict and alleviation of violence (conflict and the role of the media, 2006).The role taken up by the media in any conflict at any stop whether before and after depends on a complex s et of factors. This strictly depends on the medias kind with the actors in the conflict and the independence the media has to the power holders in society.It is because of the challenges and difficulties that the media faces during conflict that led to the establishment of International Media digest (IMS) in 2001. This was prompted after the Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia massacres that took place in the 1990s situations in these conflicts and in fact other conflicts in the past where the media was universe manipulated and used as a tool to fuel violent conflict.For instance, during Rwandan genocide the media (radio and newspaper) elbow room were used to instigate killing, mobilize the majority, the Hutus to constantly remind them about the already made plans to totally wipe out the Tutsi minority. The international media turned a blind eye, and before the world could genuinely know what was going on nearly a million people had been killed.The purpose for setting up the IMS To support local media so as to maintain operations and conduct their spirt as pros.To work and enable media to seek to promote peace, reduce conflict,Strengthen democracy and bring about dialogue in close partnership with local mediaAnd media support organisations nationally as surface as internationally.Taking broad sector approach to media development, this means the media sector must be addressed to achieve well-functioning and independent media that ensures a secrete media environs, a strong media infrastructure and professional media content.South Eastern Europe is one such region where pagan tensions have had such a disintegrating effect. In the last decade, political and civil changes in the region have changed citizens ideas on democracy, civic participation, and cultural tensions. Throughout the New Europe, hate vocabulary has been increasingly in general use online (Gaines, 2000). Racist and nationalistic dis word form continues to be spread wide on regional media. Press radio, and television broadcasts all increase to the severity of already existing tensions (Thompson, 1994). George Krimsky (1996), cofounder of the International spunk for Journalists (ICJ), notes that irresponsible and inaccurate journalism (or its wicked cousin, the hate-mongering media) can fan the flames of violence in ethnic or communal confrontations.Irresponsible journalism has played a huge role in the increase of conflict in the region, that media practitioner Maida Bebic of radio Kameleon in Tuzla, Bosnia-Herzegovinian, has announced, The media started the war in the former Yugoslavia they will have to end it, too. (Cited in Burton, 2001)The international community can help to prevent conflict and assist people affected by war to recover. This can be achieved through different ways. This can be achieved through building local capacity in broadcast and print media, and introducing new media, in order to produce and distribute objective and accurate local content.In the developing world radio broadcasting is particularly very vital considering the availability of other media accessibility, like internet, satellite television or smart phone which could be scarce or limited and plus the high rate of illiteracy and poverty majority of the people can afford radio, so it can be used as a strength to dispatch information.Independent journalists face very serious challenges in the conflict areas, and some of the journalists/editors get harassed, kidnapped, piece in prison, even murdered. There is need for every government, especially government from the developing countries to stop harassing and jailing journalists. Egyptian government is holding Aljazeera journalists in prison and has now sentenced some of them to ten years imprisonment on false accusations including other journalists that were also sentenced to serve several years imprisonment, and some of them like Peter Greste have spent over three hundred years in jail without trial. All the se arrests and detentions are to keep and silence journalists and to tag them with bad reputations (The Print edition, Al Jazeera, June, 2014) some of these journalists have been sentenced in absentia, without them being present in court.Rather than government putting journalists in prison, they should provide them with security, especially international journalists make environment conducive and if possible provide training facilities for them so as to be able to execute their line of business even though they are already working in a war-torn zone.It is very vital and essential to encourage the use of media to promote peace, nonviolent problem solving and decent understanding mingled with ethnic groups.UNESCO has long supported the development of local independent film, radio, television, and internet-based media in developing and transitional countries, including in conflict and post-conflict areas. UNESCOs extensive work program includes sponsoring research and knowledge-shar ing conferences, defining best practices, offering in-field professional training and financial and operations support (Stauffacher, 2005) beyond media development, it has employed innovative techniques in conflict zones for example, livelihood NGOs in Afghanistan to create travelling cinemas that move from village to village to present educational and health information.UNESCO held a conference in Belgrade in May 2004. This was to support the media in violent conflict and countries in transition and the concluding Belgrade Declaration. (World Press Freedom day, 2004)Conference was organised in Copenhagen for two days the 26th and 27th of November 2004 to build upon the conclusions presented in the Belgrade Declaration from the UNESCO conference. The subject of discourse of the conference was the questionable situation facing media development in the wake of peacekeeping and humanitarian aid operations in conflict-affected areas. The need for rapid and effective dissemination of i nformation from aid organisations and peacekeeping forces sometimes collides with the development of an independent media sector (IMS, 2004)The attitude towards the media in Burma, Myanmar is now much to a greater extent clearly defined, though not for better. change surface the lowest attempts to report the facts are ruthlessly crushed. The military Junta keeps a strict verify on the media, leaving no freedom either to local or foreign journalists. The Burmese press operates under strict security review and citizens risk jail if they are found guilty of giving false information domestically or internationally (Herbert, 2013) International Media Support has been working to assist in alleviating the problems of strict control on the media for some time now. IMS is carrying out a comprehensive media development programme comprising a wide range of activities including working to support policy reforms, capacity building of media and journalists. IMS in collaboration with Myanmar P eace Centre providing conflict sensitive journalism training workshop throughout the country.The BBC Afghan Education Projects (BBC AEP). The aim of this program is to bring reconciliation among different groups and raise awareness of HIV/AIDS in other to avoid an epidemic in post-conflict Afghanistan. BBC AEP produces these programs in different formats, drama, soap opera, educational features and cartoon magazines, all these reach more than half of Afghan population. (Stauffacher, 2005)In Sri Lanka and Nepal the journalists are under constant harassment and intimidation because of civil wars and innate conflicts going on in these places. The Sri Lankan government who is fighting against the Tamil separatist movement, imposed direct censorship of military news under emergency regulations (Herbert, 2013, p. 104)The Philippines president Joseph Estrada took office in1998, since then several developments has brought his administrations commitment to freedom of the press into question . He has been accused of curtailing media freedom in a country that has embraced the principles of free expression in recent times. The Philippians most widely circulated paper the Philippians Daily Inquirer was being boycotted in retaliation for criticizing the government.Turkey is said to have the most number of journalists in detention more than any other country in the world. Those journalists are advocating for the independence of Kurdish people and at such being thrown in jail.NGOs play very important role in media development. For instance, All Africa globular Media is a multimedia content service provider, systems technology developer, and the largest electronic distributor of African news and information worldwide. The website posts over 1000 stories daily in English and French and offers multilingual programming as well as over 900,000 articles in a searchable archive.ConclusionThis essay has highlighted the critical role and importance of the media during wars and crisis and of course the power and influence they have. Most conflicts occur in domestic political settings where there are signs that the means of mass conversations continue to increase in importance, this is suggesting that continued efforts are needed to understand the role of national media in conflict.BibliographyBlankson, I. A, and Murphy, P. D. (2012) Negotiating Democracy Media transformations inemerging democracies (Google eBook) Suny PressBlondel, Y. I (2003) Violent conflict and roles of the media Uppsala University PublishersHamburg, D. A and Vance, C. R. (1997) Preventing deadly conflict DIANE PublishingHerbert, J. (2013) practicing global journalism Exploring reporting issues worldwideCRC PressPuddephatt, A. (2006) Conflict and the role of the media International Media SupportPublicationRotberg, R. I. and Weiss, T. G. (1996) from massacres to genocide The media, publicpolicy, and humanitarian crisis (Google eBook) Brookings Institution PressStauffacher, D. (2005) Informati on and communication technology for peace The role ofICT in preventing, responding to and recovering from conflict, Vol. 198 UnitedNations ICT task Force.The Print Edition, (June, 2014) Egypt Court sentences Al Jazeera journalists,Al Jazeera PublicationsThompson, E. P. (1994) Witness against the beast William Blake and the moral LawCambridge University Press

The Connection Between Homelessness And Social Issues Social Work Essay

The Connection Between Homelessness And mixer Issues Social Work EssayEssay QuestionWhat is the connection between homelessness, un us suppurate, drug use and psychological maladyes in Australian society today?Unfortunately, in Australian society today, it is assumed that all Australians have advance to a safe and secure environment, and ar able to seek and gain employment however this is not always the case for umteen Australians, with these neighborly detriments being exacerbated by intellectual health issues and alcohol and drug pace.However, in saying this not everyone that experiences one or more of these detriments necessarily experiences another. Alternatively, evidence has shown that there is an unequivocal link between each of these accessible and health detriments of health, with each intricately slide bying to another.This essay depart discuss the intricate links between homelessness, unemployment, drug use and moral illness in todays society.On any given night in Australia it is estimated that over 100,000 people are homeless and living without essential human rights. (MHCA, cc9. p.5) While the reasons for peoples homelessness are change, the demoralise of alcohol, drugs and other harmful perfumes female genitalsister exacerbate the situation and lead to further problems. The use of harmful nitty-grittys by many homeless people is ofttimes seen as functional, this gist that the use of these mental objects is helping them cope with their situation, and provide them with a sense of plumping in the Australian alley culture. While many of the homeless people may start using soft drugs , this often opens the inlet to harder summations to which they can come completely reliant upon. The prevalence of heroin use in the homeless confederation is ten times steeper(prenominal) than the general Australian commwholey. (Australian National Council on Drugs, 2008) (Johnson Chamberlin, 2008, p.347)Australias homeless tribe, exhibit higher rates of emotional and bodily health issues, anxiety, scummy nutrition and difficulties in brinytaining relationships (Lady Bowen Trust).1 in 200 Australians in todays society dont have access to adequate housing and employment. It is estimated that 75 percent of this homeless population is suffering from about kind of mental illness, (MHCA, 2009, p.5) and that at least forty three percent prosecute in substance abuse. (Johnson Chamberlin, 2008, p.347)A safe and secure environment is essential to physical and mental health. mental health symptoms can often be worsened by unstable housing and social isolation. Homelessness significantly affects a souls ability to successfully maintain employment and relationships.When referring to mental illness, generally speaking it is an illness that has some kind of influence and effect on how a person, thinks, feels and acts. (MHCA, 2009, p.10) These can include mental health issues much(prenominal) as depression, anxiety person ality disorders, schizophrenia and stress disorders. It is estimated that 1 in 5 people depart experience a mental illness of varying degrees at some point in their lives. (MHCA, 2009, p.10) Although the strike cause of many mental illnesses are unknown, along with biological factors it is believed that environmental factors, stressful and abusing situations, substance or drug abuse and negative thought patterns all contribute to a persons mental health.Domestic violence, mental health, unemployment and substance abuse are among the leading causes of homelessness in Australia, along with critical shortages of affordable housing. However it is key to note that there are many contributing factors to a person worthy homeless such(prenominal) as family breakdown, sexual assault, gambling, mental illness, financial difficulties and social isolisation and broader social processes. (Homelessness Australia, 2010)Having a mental illness reduces a persons quality of life the symptoms can harbor it difficult for exclusives to cope with the daily demands of work and home life. In some cases this can lead to people becoming socially isolated, and even losing their jobs. This loss of employment often means people are no longer able to afford housing and a overlook of social support can mean these people may become homeless. The sluggish are likewise less likely to receive medical treatment for symptoms of mental illness. If they do seek treatment of these illnesses they thusly face the problems of being able to pay for expensive prescriptions. (www.informahealthcare.com)The current economic climate has also determined additiond stress on individuals and there has been a spike in Medicare claims for mental health consultations cod to unemployment (Dragon, 2009).Studies have shown that homeless people have a higher prevalence of mental illness and substance abuse, with a Melbourne study showing 30 percent of homeless people surveyed had mental health issues and 43 percent suffered substance abuse issues. (MHCA, 2009, p.14)Substance abuse is also linked to homelessness, unemployment and mental illness, as substance abuse can take hold and damage a persons quality of life. Substance abuse begins to interject with a individuals work and social life and this commonly leads to the ending of relationships and loss of employment. Rather than this slide from positive relationships and employment being instant, many people tend to slide into homelessness as a result of their substance abuse. As they begin to come more dependent on these substances the transition becomes more rapid. ((Johnson Chamberlin, 2008, p.348)Having a mental illness can increase a persons likelihood of abusing drugs, which may in the short term make the symptoms of their mental illness feel better, while other peoples drug use can trigger the symptoms of mental illness. (MHCA, 2009, p.22) The link can also be made in terms of unemployment and homelessness, if a person is u nemployed they can experience financial difficulties that can result in being homeless, alternatively if a person is homeless it becomes difficult to gain employment and break the circle.The relationship between homelessness and substance abuse is surface researched and documented there is debate however on the direction of this relationship, and whether substance abuse is the cause or consequence of an individual becoming homeless.The focus of substance abuse as a consequence of homelessness is the social adaption model. Entering into homelessness often exposes individuals to a subculture where substance abuse is accepted and common place. This model also identifies that many people start to abuse substances as a method of coping with their situation, which can often be very stressful, uncertain and traumatic. (Johnson Chamberlin, 2008, p.343)Johnson and Chamberlain (2008, p.350) report that thirty four percent of individuals have engaged in substance abuse before becoming homel ess, while sixty six percent first start abusing substances later on becoming homeless.es as they struggle to pay for their addiction. Loss of employment then leads individuals looking for alternative income which can often lead to bad loans and illegal behaviours. (Johnson Chamberlin, 2008, p.p347-350)The social selection mount focuses on substance abuse as a cause of homelessness rather than a consequence. Substance abuse can be a leading factor into homelessness, as when a person becomes addicted to harmful substances they tend to start ego damaging behaviours which affect social and work relationships. As their substance abuse increases, this often leads to financial difficulties and destruction of social networks.Psychological trauma and post traumatic stress disorder have been found to be contributing factors for many of the homeless population.There is no specific way in which each of these social detriments of health contributes to each other. For example, mental health issues may contribute or lead to people becoming homeless, while for others their mental health issues may be a result of being homeless or compounded by it. (MHCA, 2009, p.22)The homeless population can face discrimination when trying to find and go through for housing, especially when they have experienced a mental illness. (DHA, 2005) Many landlords are something about having people with a mental illness in their accommodation, due to the negative bulls eye that is attached with mental illness.Having a mental illness or bygone substance abuse problem can also follow a person and impact upon their lives even after they have overcome these issues. As in todays society many jobs and housing applications require police, credit and background checks. (MHCA, 2009, p.18)Webster (2007) reports that drug abusers with mental illnesses are likely to experience high rates of employment difficulties. Stating that individuals with mental illnesses have fewer work-related skills, scummy int erpersonal skills, impulse control and poor time management, therefore having less success in the workforce than individuals without mental illness and substance abuse issues. (Webster et al., 2007)Webster (2007) also reports that employment is a key factor in breaking the cycle of drug abuse, as employment occupies time, increases self esteem, promotes a sense of belonging and responsibility and provides structure. (Webster et al., 2007)In Australian society a quarter of the homeless population are children aged between 12 and 18, as these children age and rise they are at a higher risk of unemployment and being stuck in a vicious cycle of homelessness, unemployment, substance abuse and mental illness. (Graham, 2010, p.24)Children are more likely to face unemployment if they are from low socioeconomic status, left school early leading to low literacy and numeracy skills, are indigenous, live with one or more unemployed person, or live in remote areas. (Graham, 2010, p.20)A longitu dinal study of Australian callowness with mental health issues found that they did not suffer from mental health issues prior to unemployment. This shows the importance of employment and the effect that unemployment can have. (Graham, 2010, p.23)In 1991, Fischer Breakey developed three pathways into homelessness. The first being social selection which involves a breakdown in the capacity for living independently due to mental illness. The second pathway expatiate socioeconomic adversity in which a person experiences unemployment, low levels of education and declining income. The third pathway draw involves the inability to develop socially normative roles and support systems. (Kim Ford, 2010, p.40)The sociological imagination uses a sociological approach to analysing issues such as homelessness, substance abuse, unemployment and mental illness. This approach analyses associations of public issues and personal problems by looking at the Historical, structural, critical and cult ural factors which contribute to a person experiencing issues such as homelessness. A better taking into custody of the causes can be found and thus leading to a better understanding of how to return to standard societal function and reducing the risk of relapse into past behaviours. . (Germov, 2009, p.7).The add together of structure and agency an individual holds in situations of homelessness, drug abuse, unemployment and mental illness is also important to note. The structure agency debate explores the amount of control a individual has over their behaviour and how much influence the social structure to which they belong plays. (Germov, 2009, p.7). Children that have grown up in an environment which is socioeconomically disadvantaged, high levels of drug abuse and unemployment, and poor work ethic, are more likely to follow in this pattern than children that have been brought up in higher socioeconomic conditions and have been instilled with a strong work ethic.Sue is 17 years of age and has been living away from home for two years, having left her family home due to conflict and violence with parents and physical assault between siblings. In the past two years Sue has lived a typically evanescent lifestyle, residing in crisis accommodation, various boarding arrangements and in an accommodation program to assist young people who are homeless and in need of specialist support. Sue has lived independently in a small unit as well as with a number of friends in their accommodation and in squats.Over the past two years Sue has engaged in self-harming behaviour and been violent and aggressive towards peers, herself and family, which has on procedure resulted in cautions from the legal system. Sue has also engaged in petty theft, auto-theft and break and enters, all resulting in legal cautions. Sue uses alcohol, marijuana and amphetamines and has been diagnosed with depression resulting in anti-depressants being prescribed(Mission Australia, 2005).In December 2008, the Australian presidency released a White Paper on Homelessness The Road Home A National draw up to Reducing Homelessness. This paper recognises that maintaining the current approach to homelessness will see the homeless population of Australia significantly increase in the coming years. The paper takes a holistic view and aims to find solutions in address the varying needs of the homeless population, for example employment needs, education and training, health and social support. This report has three main initiative areas. They are to ensure that services intervene early to stop people becoming homeless, qualification services more connected and responsive across a range of areas not limited to housing, such as health and economic and social participation and strategies to assist people who become homeless to move quickly through the crisis system to stable housing, and providing the support they need so that they do not re-enter homelessness. Through the implementatio n on many straggles under these initiatives and 1.2 billion dollars in funding the Australian Government aims to have a fifty percent reduction in homelessness by 2020. (MHCA, 2009, pp.12-13)Todays society has negative stigma and labelling associated with homelessness. Due to this attributes, the skills they poses, their personality, past achievements are often disregarded and overrun by the fact they are homeless. (Mission Australia, 2005)As homelessness is not a social norm, it can be seen is deviant behaviour. With the rise of the medical model of health, importance is placed on the individual receiving treatment in order to restore health and conformity. (Roach Anleu, 2010, pp.242-260)Under the healing(predicate) model deviant individuals which can include the homeless, mentally ill, drug and alcohol abusers and those experiencing adjustment problems require psychiatric intervention, with little emphasis in the social and environmental conditions that contribute to these issues . (Roach Anleu, 2010, pp.242-260)Homelessness, unemployment, drug use and mental illness are all intricately connected in todays society. These social determinants of health all coexist and can each weigh largely upon another. These linkages can lead to a viscous cycle which can be hard to break.ConclusionWhat was discussedReaffirm argumenthttp//www.health.qld.gov.au/research_information/social_determinants.asp